Back to supply chains
Where does Astronergy (Chint Solar) source its components?
China. Supply chain mapped to 28 inputs across 6 countries.
Federal screeningFlagged
Yes. Astronergy (Chint Solar) is organized in China, a covered nation under the FEOC rules, which makes it a foreign entity of concern for IRA clean-energy tax credit purposes. It is not named on any of the 3 federal restricted-party lists screened for this record (DOD Section 1260H, BIS Entity List, OFAC SDN List). Is Astronergy (Chint Solar) a Foreign Entity of Concern?
Upstream sourcing exposure
High88% weighted
23 in covered nations - 3 elevated, of 28 nodes.
Where inputs are mined and refined. Not a FEOC determination for the company -- see the federal list screening above.
Refining chokepoint
3 of 3 processing/refining steps in covered nations
Producer1
Component10
Processing / Refining3
Raw Material7
Mine / Extraction5
Logistics2
designated covered nation elevated no known factor not assessed
Loading chain view...
Sourcing Concentration by Country
Covered NationAllied NationOther
Sourcing risk across the graph
Where each input is mined or refined. Not a FEOC determination for the company.
0
Designated (0%)
23
Covered nation (82%)
3
Elevated (11%)
2
No known factor (7%)
Legend
Node Types
Producer
Supplier
Component
Processing / Refining
Raw Material
Mine / Extraction
Logistics
Sourcing risk
Federally designated - named on a restricted-party list
Covered nation - sited in China, Russia, Iran or North Korea
Elevated - documented concentration risk, no federal listing
No known risk factor - not a compliance clearance
Not assessed - no sourcing judgement was made
Relationships
Transformation - manufactures / assembles
Refining - midstream processing (FEOC chokepoint)
Supply handoff - supplies / sources from
Arrows point in the direction material flows (input to product).
Every mapped input in the Astronergy (Chint Solar) supply chain
28 nodes, grouped by supply-chain tier. Sourcing risk describes where an input is mined or refined; it is not a FEOC determination for Astronergy (Chint Solar).
Producer (1)
| Input | Origin | Sourcing risk | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Astronergy (Chint Solar)Haining & Jiaxing, Zhejiang; plus Thailand & Turkey bases | China | Covered nation | CHINT New Energy Technology Co. Ltd.; n-type TOPCon module maker, ~76 GW module capacity 2024. China-headquartered and China-integrated = FEOC flagged. |
Component (10)
| Input | Origin | Sourcing risk | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|
| TOPCon Solar CellAstronergy cell lines, China | China | Covered nation | n-type TOPCon (Tunnel Oxide Passivated Contact) cell, ~25.5% efficiency; cell fabrication is China-based. |
| Monocrystalline Silicon WaferLONGi / TCL Zhonghuan-class wafer fabs; Astronergy Thailand wafer lines (5 GW) | China | Covered nation | China controls ~96% of global ingot/wafer output; wafers China-cut even when module assembled in Thailand/Turkey. |
| Mono Silicon Ingot (Cz)Czochralski crystal-pulling, China | China | Covered nation | Cz process pulls single-crystal ingot from molten polysilicon; ~78% of wafer material is Cz-Si. China-dominated. |
| Silver Metallization PasteChinese paste makers (localizing from Heraeus/DK) | China | Covered nation | Silver is 90-95% of paste by volume; conductive front/back-contact gridlines. PV consumes ~12% of global silver. |
| Aluminum Frame6000-series (6063/6005) extrusion, China | China | Covered nation | Frame is ~8-13% of module mass; extruded 6000-series alloy. China-extruded = flagged. |
| Solar Glass (low-iron, tempered ARC)Xinyi Solar / Flat Glass Group (FGG), China | China | Covered nation | Low-iron tempered front glass; ~70-76% of module weight. China's Xinyi & FGG dominate PV glass; China-made = flagged. |
| EVA / POE Encapsulant FilmChinese film makers (e.g. First/Sveck-class) | China | Covered nation | Ethylene-vinyl-acetate & polyolefin-elastomer films encapsulate cells; TOPCon favors POE for PID resistance. China-made film. |
| Backsheet (glass-backsheet/PVF)Chinese backsheet lines; many bifacial modules use dual-glass instead | China | Covered nation | Rear insulation layer (PVF/PET) or dual-glass on bifacial N-type. China-made = flagged. |
| Junction Box + Bypass DiodesChinese J-box makers | China | Covered nation | Houses bypass diodes and connectors on module rear; China-assembled = flagged. |
| Copper Ribbon / Tabbing Wire (tinned)Chinese ribbon makers | China | Covered nation | Tin/lead-coated copper ribbon interconnects cells and feeds the J-box. China-fabricated = flagged. |
Processing and refining (3)
| Input | Origin | Sourcing risk | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Primary Aluminum (smelted)Chinese Hall-Héroult smelters | China | Covered nation | China dominates global primary aluminum smelting. Hall-Héroult reduces alumina to metal. China-smelted = flagged. |
| Alumina (refined)Chinese alumina refineries (supply >50% of world alumina) | China | Covered nation | Bayer-process alumina from bauxite; China refines >half of world alumina, importing Guinea/Australia bauxite. |
| Refined Copper Cathode (99.99%)Jiangxi Copper & Chinese smelters (feedstock from Chile/Peru/Africa) | China | Covered nation | Electrorefined 99.99% Cu cathode. China is the dominant copper refiner/smelter; China-refined = flagged. |
Raw material (7)
| Input | Origin | Sourcing risk | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Solar-Grade PolysiliconTongwei / GCL / Daqo / Xinte; Astronergy sourced Ordos & Asia Silicon (non-Xinjiang) for US-bound modules | China | Covered nation | Modified Siemens process. China makes ~75%+ of world polysilicon; even non-Xinjiang Chinese poly is FEOC-flagged. |
| Trichlorosilane (TCS)China polysilicon complexes | China | Covered nation | MG-Si reacted with HCl to form TCS, then reduced in Siemens reactor under hydrogen to polysilicon. China precursor step. |
| Metallurgical-Grade Silicon MetalXinjiang, Yunnan, Sichuan, Inner Mongolia smelters | China | Covered nation | Silica + carbon smelted in electric arc furnace (~10-12 MWh/t), ~98-99% pure. China ~4.1 Mt/yr output vs <1 Mt overseas. |
| Refined Silver (high-purity powder)Chinese smelters recover Ag from Pb/Cu concentrates | China | Covered nation | China a key silver refining centre; captures value from imported concentrates. Refined-in-China = flagged. |
| Soda Ash (Na2CO3)Chinese soda ash plants | China | Covered nation | ~254 kg soda ash per tonne PV glass; 12-15% of glass raw-material cost. China-sourced = flagged. |
| EVA / POE Resin (petrochemical)China & imports (ethylene/vinyl-acetate & metallocene POE) | China | Covered nation | Base polymer resins; POE metallocene grades partly imported (Dow/LG/Mitsui) but converted in China. Mixed origin. |
| Tin (solder coating)Refined tin (China, Indonesia, Myanmar) | China | Covered nation | Sn:Pb solder coat on tabbing ribbon; tin refining concentrated in China/Indonesia/Myanmar. Mixed origin. |
Mine and extraction (5)
| Input | Origin | Sourcing risk | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Silica / Quartz Sand (high-purity)Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, Qinghai quartz-sand plants (Spruce Pine US channel disrupted) | China | Covered nation | SiO2 feedstock for MG-Si smelting. Chinese domestic quartz sand expanded after US Spruce Pine supply disruptions. |
| Silver OreMexico (world #1, ~186 Moz/yr), Peru, Bolivia | Mexico | No known risk factor | Silver mined mainly in Mexico/Peru (allied). Mine origin clean; the FEOC risk is at the Chinese refining step. |
| Bauxite OreGuinea (76% of exports to China), Australia (Weipa) | Guinea | Elevated sourcing risk | Bauxite mined in Guinea/Australia; ~76% of Guinea exports flow to Chinese refineries. Mine allied-ish but China-bound. |
| Low-Iron Silica Sand (glass grade)Chinese silica sand quarries | China | Covered nation | ~745 kg low-iron quartz sand per tonne of PV glass. China-sourced glass sand = flagged. |
| Copper Ore / ConcentrateChile (world #1), Peru, DRC/Zambia | Chile | No known risk factor | Copper mined mainly in Chile/Peru (allied). Most Chilean copper exported to China for refining; mine clean, refiner flagged. |
Logistics (2)
| Input | Origin | Sourcing risk | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Astronergy Thailand BaseAstronergy Thailand Manufacturing Base (wafer + module lines) | Thailand | Elevated sourcing risk | 210mm module assembly + 5 GW wafer lines; used to route around UFLPA, but upstream poly/wafer still China-linked. |
| Astronergy Turkey BaseAstronergy Turkey Manufacturing Base (opened 2024) | Turkey | Elevated sourcing risk | Module assembly for EU/US markets; final assembly non-China but cells/wafers/poly upstream remain China-origin. |
Material flow (30 relationships)
- Astronergy (Chint Solar) assembles TOPCon Solar Cell (TOPCon solar cell)
- Astronergy (Chint Solar) assembles Solar Glass (low-iron, tempered ARC) (solar glass)
- Astronergy (Chint Solar) assembles Aluminum Frame (aluminum frame)
- Astronergy (Chint Solar) assembles EVA / POE Encapsulant Film (EVA/POE encapsulant)
- Astronergy (Chint Solar) assembles Backsheet (glass-backsheet/PVF) (backsheet)
- Astronergy (Chint Solar) assembles Junction Box + Bypass Diodes (junction box)
- Astronergy (Chint Solar) assembles Copper Ribbon / Tabbing Wire (tinned) (copper tabbing ribbon)
- Astronergy (Chint Solar) assembles Astronergy Thailand Base (module assembly (Thailand))
- Astronergy (Chint Solar) assembles Astronergy Turkey Base (module assembly (Turkey))
- TOPCon Solar Cell supplies Monocrystalline Silicon Wafer (silicon wafer)
- TOPCon Solar Cell supplies Silver Metallization Paste (silver metallization paste)
- Monocrystalline Silicon Wafer supplies Mono Silicon Ingot (Cz) (silicon ingot)
- Mono Silicon Ingot (Cz) supplies Solar-Grade Polysilicon (polysilicon)
- Solar-Grade Polysilicon supplies Trichlorosilane (TCS) (trichlorosilane precursor)
- Trichlorosilane (TCS) supplies Metallurgical-Grade Silicon Metal (metallurgical-grade silicon)
- Metallurgical-Grade Silicon Metal refines Silica / Quartz Sand (high-purity) (silica / quartz sand)
- Silver Metallization Paste supplies Refined Silver (high-purity powder) (refined silver powder)
- Refined Silver (high-purity powder) refines Silver Ore (silver ore)
- Aluminum Frame supplies Primary Aluminum (smelted) (primary aluminum)
- Primary Aluminum (smelted) refines Alumina (refined) (alumina)
- Alumina (refined) refines Bauxite Ore (bauxite ore)
- Solar Glass (low-iron, tempered ARC) sources from Low-Iron Silica Sand (glass grade) (low-iron silica sand)
- Solar Glass (low-iron, tempered ARC) sources from Soda Ash (Na2CO3) (soda ash)
- EVA / POE Encapsulant Film supplies EVA / POE Resin (petrochemical) (EVA/POE resin)
- Junction Box + Bypass Diodes supplies Refined Copper Cathode (99.99%) (refined copper)
- Copper Ribbon / Tabbing Wire (tinned) supplies Refined Copper Cathode (99.99%) (refined copper)
- Copper Ribbon / Tabbing Wire (tinned) sources from Tin (solder coating) (tin solder coating)
- Refined Copper Cathode (99.99%) refines Copper Ore / Concentrate (copper ore / concentrate)
- Astronergy Thailand Base sources from Monocrystalline Silicon Wafer (wafers (Thailand + China))
- Astronergy Turkey Base sources from TOPCon Solar Cell (cells (China-origin))
Sources and methodology
Research-based supply-chain map compiled from public sources - not an audited bill of materials. Tiers reflect the standard industry structure for this product. Sourcing risk on a node describes where that input is typically mined or refined; it is not a FEOC determination for Astronergy (Chint Solar), and it is not a screening result for the node itself unless a federal listing is cited against it. Verify against primary documentation before making a compliance determination.
Secondary sources (30) - trade press, analysts, reference works
- astronergy.com astronergy.com/about-astronergy/
- blackridgeresearch.com blackridgeresearch.com/blog/latest-list-top-solar-panel-module-manufacturers-in-china
- solarpowerworldonline.com solarpowerworldonline.com/2025/12/china-takes-9-of-top-10-polysilicon-manufacturer-spots-expanding-industry-dominance/
- pv-tech.org pv-tech.org/chinese-firms-nine-top-ten-polysilicon-manufacturers-2024/
- minespider.com minespider.com/blog/know-the-source-the-polysilicon-supply-chain
- responsiblesourcingtool.org responsiblesourcingtool.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/2025-Polysilicon-Commodity-Report-Final.pdf
- itif.org itif.org/publications/2025/09/08/china-plans-to-dominate-a-key-semiconductor-material/
- faxiangongchang.com faxiangongchang.com/en/reports/china-polysilicon-2026
- pveducation.org pveducation.org/pvcdrom/modules-and-arrays/module-materials
- anernstore.com anernstore.com/blogs/diy-solar-guides/pv-module-materials-value
- pvknowhow.com pvknowhow.com/importance-of-solar-panel-frame-in-pv-production/
- pv-magazine.com pv-magazine.com/2025/11/06/mexico-leads-latin-american-countries-in-global-silver-production/
- sfa-oxford.com sfa-oxford.com/rare-earths-and-minor-metals/minor-metals-and-minerals/silver-47-ag/
- targray.com targray.com/solar/conductive-paste/silver-paste
- farmonaut.com farmonaut.com/mining/is-aluminum-mined-where-is-aluminum-mined-in-2026
- elements.visualcapitalist.com elements.visualcapitalist.com/how-is-aluminum-made/
- harboraluminum.com harboraluminum.com/en/bauxite-production-by-country
- en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper_mining_in_Chile
- maximizemarketresearch.com maximizemarketresearch.com/market-report/copper-smelting-market/165143/
- camaltd.com camaltd.com/top-chinese-copper-ore-importers/
- pubs.rsc.org pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlehtml/2025/se/d4se01567c
- xinyisolar.com xinyisolar.com/en/SolarPvGlass/index.aspx
- en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flat_Glass_Group
- bernreuter.com bernreuter.com/solar-industry/value-chain/
- market.us market.us/report/solar-photovoltaics-wafer-market/
- pcba-manufacturers.com pcba-manufacturers.com/top-10-solar-silicon-wafer-manufacturers-in-china/
- solarbuildermag.com solarbuildermag.com/news/uflpa-update-customs-released-some-non-xinjiang-china-polysilicon-modules-from-detention-according-to-industry-note/
- astronergy.com astronergy.com/astronergy-thailand-manufacturing-base-perfect-its-industry-chain-with-wafer-lines/
- woodmac.com woodmac.com/news/opinion/turn-of-the-tide-what-the-entry-of-chinese-polysilicon-to-the-us-means-for-the-american-solar-supply-chain/
- infolink-group.com infolink-group.com/energy-article/solar-topic-unlocking-non-china-pv-markets-2024-regional-analysis
Common questions
- Where does Astronergy (Chint Solar) source the inputs in this product?
- This map traces 28 inputs across 6 countries, including 8 mines and refiners. It is compiled from public sources and is not an audited bill of materials.
- How much of the Astronergy (Chint Solar) supply chain sits in a covered nation?
- 23 of 28 mapped inputs are sited in a covered nation (China, Russia, Iran or North Korea) or named on a federal restricted-party list. A further 3 carry elevated sourcing risk without either basis.
- Is Astronergy (Chint Solar) itself a Foreign Entity of Concern?
- Yes. Astronergy (Chint Solar) is organized in China, a covered nation under the FEOC rules, which makes it a foreign entity of concern for IRA clean-energy tax credit purposes. It is not named on any of the 3 federal restricted-party lists screened for this record (DOD Section 1260H, BIS Entity List, OFAC SDN List). Sourcing risk in this map describes where inputs are mined and refined and is a separate question from the company's own federal screening.