Back to supply chains
Where does Clenergy source its components?
China. Supply chain mapped to 44 inputs across 7 countries.
Federal screeningFlagged
Yes. Clenergy is organized in China, a covered nation under the FEOC rules, which makes it a foreign entity of concern for IRA clean-energy tax credit purposes. It is not named on any of the 3 federal restricted-party lists screened for this record (DOD Section 1260H, BIS Entity List, OFAC SDN List). Is Clenergy a Foreign Entity of Concern?
Upstream sourcing exposure
High75% weighted
30 in covered nations - 6 elevated, of 44 nodes.
Where inputs are mined and refined. Not a FEOC determination for the company -- see the federal list screening above.
Refining chokepoint
8 of 9 processing/refining steps in covered nations
Producer1
Supplier1
Component8
Processing / Refining9
Raw Material14
Mine / Extraction11
designated covered nation elevated no known factor not assessed
Loading chain view...
Sourcing Concentration by Country
Covered NationAllied NationOther
Sourcing risk across the graph
Where each input is mined or refined. Not a FEOC determination for the company.
0
Designated (0%)
30
Covered nation (68%)
6
Elevated (14%)
8
No known factor (18%)
Legend
Node Types
Producer
Supplier
Component
Processing / Refining
Raw Material
Mine / Extraction
Logistics
Sourcing risk
Federally designated - named on a restricted-party list
Covered nation - sited in China, Russia, Iran or North Korea
Elevated - documented concentration risk, no federal listing
No known risk factor - not a compliance clearance
Not assessed - no sourcing judgement was made
Relationships
Transformation - manufactures / assembles
Refining - midstream processing (FEOC chokepoint)
Supply handoff - supplies / sources from
Arrows point in the direction material flows (input to product).
Every mapped input in the Clenergy supply chain
44 nodes, grouped by supply-chain tier. Sourcing risk describes where an input is mined or refined; it is not a FEOC determination for Clenergy.
Producer (1)
| Input | Origin | Sourcing risk | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|
| ClenergyXiamen, Fujian, China (HQ + manufacturing; ~30GW capacity across 3 bases) | China | Covered nation | Solar racking & mounting OEM. Australia-designed, China-manufactured. China entity = FEOC flagged. |
Supplier (1)
| Input | Origin | Sourcing risk | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Printed Circuit Board (Controller)China PCBA houses | China | Covered nation | Populated control board; copper-clad laminate + SMT assembly. |
Component (8)
| Input | Origin | Sourcing risk | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aluminum Alloy Rails & Rooftop Profiles (AL6005-T5)Extrusion plants, China | China | Covered nation | Primary structural rail for PVezRack/SolarRoof; 6005A-T5 Al-Mg-Si extrusion. |
| Zn-Al-Mg (ZAM) Coated Steel SubstructureChina (Shougang/Shandong/Liaoning coaters) | China | Covered nation | Corrosion-resistant coated steel for utility ground-mount frames. |
| Hot-Dip Galvanized Steel Ground PostsChina | China | Covered nation | Driven-pile / foundation posts for ground-mount arrays. |
| SUS304 Stainless Fasteners & Module ClampsChina | China | Covered nation | 18-8 austenitic stainless bolts, clamps, bonding hardware. |
| Tracker Slew Drive & Slewing BearingChina | China | Covered nation | ezTracker drive: worm-gear slew drive + slewing ring bearing (bearing steel). |
| Tracker Drive Motor / ActuatorChina | China | Covered nation | DC/gearmotor with permanent-magnet rotor driving the slew drive. |
| Tracker Controller Electronics (PCBA)China | China | Covered nation | Microcontroller, motor driver, inclinometer/accelerometer PCB assembly. |
| Cable Management & Grounding HardwareChina | China | Covered nation | Clips, cable trays, earthing lugs (Al/steel/polymer). |
Processing and refining (9)
| Input | Origin | Sourcing risk | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aluminum Smelter (Electrolytic Reduction)Xinjiang / Inner Mongolia / Yunnan, China | China | Covered nation | Hall-Heroult smelting of alumina to aluminum metal; China dominates ~56-60%. |
| Alumina Refinery (Bayer Process)Shandong/Shanxi/Guangxi, China (Chalco, Hongqiao) | China | Covered nation | Bayer refining of bauxite to alumina; midstream chokepoint in China. |
| Integrated Steel Mill (Blast Furnace / BOF)China | China | Covered nation | Smelts iron ore + coking coal to crude steel, then hot/cold rolled coil. |
| Zinc SmelterChina | China | Covered nation | Refines zinc concentrate to SHG zinc for galvanizing/ZAM. |
| Magnesium Smelter (Pidgeon Process)Shaanxi (Fugu) / Shanxi, China | China | Covered nation | Silicothermic Pidgeon reduction of dolomite; Fugu ~40% of world output. |
| Nickel RKEF / NPI ProcessorIMIP Morowali, Indonesia (Tsingshan-led) | Indonesia | Elevated sourcing risk | Chinese-operated rotary-kiln electric-furnace lines; FEOC-linked processing. |
| Ferrochrome SmelterInner Mongolia, China | China | Covered nation | China large ferrochrome smelter for stainless; midstream in China = flagged. |
| Rare Earth Separation / Magnet Alloy PlantChina (~90% light, ~99% heavy RE separation) | China | Covered nation | Nd/Pr/Dy oxide separation, metallization, sintering; the true chokepoint. |
| Copper Smelter / RefineryChina | China | Covered nation | Smelts/refines copper concentrate to cathode; China ~half of global refined copper. |
Raw material (14)
| Input | Origin | Sourcing risk | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Primary Aluminum IngotSmelters in Xinjiang/Inner Mongolia/Yunnan | China | Covered nation | China ~60% of global primary aluminum; smelting is the FEOC chokepoint. |
| Alumina (Smelter-Grade Al2O3)Chinese Bayer refineries | China | Covered nation | China ~60% of global alumina (85.5Mt 2024). |
| Bauxite OreBoke region, Guinea | Guinea | Elevated sourcing risk | China imports ~92% of bauxite; ~74% from Guinea. Mined allied-ish but refined in China. |
| Crude Steel (BF-BOF)Chinese integrated mills | China | Covered nation | China ~1,005Mt (~half of world) crude steel; >90% blast-furnace route. |
| Iron OrePilbara, Western Australia | Australia | No known risk factor | >80% of China's ore from Australia/Brazil; ore allied but smelted in China. |
| Metallurgical (Coking) CoalChina + Australian imports | China | Covered nation | China largest coking-coal producer; Australia dominates seaborne met-coal exports. |
| Refined Zinc (Coating)Chinese zinc smelters | China | Covered nation | China ~48% of refined-zinc capacity; feeds ZAM/HDG coatings. |
| Primary Magnesium (Coating Alloy)Fugu County, Shaanxi, China | China | Covered nation | China >90% of primary magnesium; near-total chokepoint for ZAM Mg content. |
| Refined Nickel / Nickel Pig IronMorowali (IMIP), Indonesia | Indonesia | Elevated sourcing risk | Nickel for SUS304 (8%); Indonesian NPI processed via Chinese-owned RKEF lines. |
| Ferrochrome (Chromium for SS)South Africa / China smelters | South Africa | Elevated sourcing risk | Chromium (~18% of SUS304) mostly from South Africa; much ferrochrome smelted in China. |
| Bearing / Gear Steel (Slew Drive)China special-steel mills | China | Covered nation | Case-hardening/bearing steel for slewing ring and worm gears. |
| NdFeB Permanent MagnetChina magnet plants | China | Covered nation | Motor rotor magnets; China ~94% of sintered NdFeB. Hard FEOC chokepoint. |
| Rare Earth Oxides (Nd/Pr/Dy)China | China | Covered nation | Neodymium/praseodymium for strength; dysprosium for high-temp coercivity. |
| Refined Copper (PCB / Wiring)Chinese copper smelters | China | Covered nation | China dominant copper smelting/refining; feeds PCB copper + cabling. |
Mine and extraction (11)
| Input | Origin | Sourcing risk | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bauxite Mine (Guinea)Boke / Boffa, Guinea | Guinea | Elevated sourcing risk | ~70-80% of Guinean bauxite under Chinese-linked control; ore refined in China. |
| Bauxite Mine (Australia)Weipa / Gove, Australia | Australia | No known risk factor | Allied bauxite source; some ships to China for refining. |
| Iron Ore Mine (Pilbara, Australia)Pilbara, Western Australia | Australia | No known risk factor | Australia ~1/3 of global iron ore exports; ships to China. |
| Iron Ore Mine (Brazil)Carajas, Para, Brazil | Brazil | No known risk factor | Brazil ~1/3 of global iron ore exports; ships to China. |
| Metallurgical Coal Mine (Australia)Bowen Basin, Queensland | Australia | No known risk factor | Australia ~200Mt of ~310Mt global seaborne met-coal exports. |
| Zinc MineMount Isa / Cannington, Australia | Australia | No known risk factor | China ~35% of mine output; also imports concentrate from Australia/Peru. |
| Dolomite / Magnesite SourceShaanxi / Shanxi, China | China | Covered nation | Domestic dolomite feedstock for Pidgeon magnesium. |
| Nickel Laterite MineSulawesi, Indonesia | Indonesia | Elevated sourcing risk | Indonesia/Philippines dominate nickel ore feeding stainless. |
| Chromite Mine (South Africa)Bushveld Complex, South Africa | South Africa | No known risk factor | Largest global chromite source; ore exported for ferrochrome smelting. |
| Rare Earth MineBayan Obo, Inner Mongolia, China | China | Covered nation | China ~69% of RE mining; heavy REs concentrated in China/Myanmar. |
| Copper MineAtacama, Chile | Chile | No known risk factor | Chile/Peru dominate copper mining; concentrate refined in China. |
Material flow (51 relationships)
- Clenergy manufactures Aluminum Alloy Rails & Rooftop Profiles (AL6005-T5) (Aluminum rails/profiles)
- Clenergy manufactures Zn-Al-Mg (ZAM) Coated Steel Substructure (ZAM steel substructure)
- Clenergy manufactures Hot-Dip Galvanized Steel Ground Posts (Galvanized ground posts)
- Clenergy assembles SUS304 Stainless Fasteners & Module Clamps (Stainless fasteners/clamps)
- Clenergy assembles Tracker Slew Drive & Slewing Bearing (Tracker slew drive)
- Clenergy assembles Tracker Drive Motor / Actuator (Tracker motor/actuator)
- Clenergy assembles Tracker Controller Electronics (PCBA) (Tracker controller)
- Clenergy assembles Cable Management & Grounding Hardware (Cable management/grounding)
- Aluminum Alloy Rails & Rooftop Profiles (AL6005-T5) supplies Primary Aluminum Ingot (Primary aluminum ingot)
- Cable Management & Grounding Hardware supplies Primary Aluminum Ingot (Aluminum for clips/trays)
- Primary Aluminum Ingot refines Aluminum Smelter (Electrolytic Reduction) (Alumina to aluminum)
- Aluminum Smelter (Electrolytic Reduction) sources from Alumina (Smelter-Grade Al2O3) (Alumina feed)
- Alumina (Smelter-Grade Al2O3) refines Alumina Refinery (Bayer Process) (Bauxite to alumina)
- Alumina Refinery (Bayer Process) sources from Bauxite Ore (Bauxite feed)
- Bauxite Ore sources from Bauxite Mine (Guinea) (Bauxite ore)
- Bauxite Ore sources from Bauxite Mine (Australia) (Bauxite ore)
- Zn-Al-Mg (ZAM) Coated Steel Substructure supplies Crude Steel (BF-BOF) (Steel substrate)
- Hot-Dip Galvanized Steel Ground Posts supplies Crude Steel (BF-BOF) (Steel substrate)
- Tracker Slew Drive & Slewing Bearing supplies Bearing / Gear Steel (Slew Drive) (Bearing/gear steel)
- Bearing / Gear Steel (Slew Drive) refines Integrated Steel Mill (Blast Furnace / BOF) (Special steel)
- Crude Steel (BF-BOF) refines Integrated Steel Mill (Blast Furnace / BOF) (Iron ore + coal to steel)
- Integrated Steel Mill (Blast Furnace / BOF) sources from Iron Ore (Iron ore feed)
- Integrated Steel Mill (Blast Furnace / BOF) sources from Metallurgical (Coking) Coal (Coking coal feed)
- Iron Ore sources from Iron Ore Mine (Pilbara, Australia) (Iron ore)
- Iron Ore sources from Iron Ore Mine (Brazil) (Iron ore)
- Metallurgical (Coking) Coal sources from Metallurgical Coal Mine (Australia) (Coking coal)
- Zn-Al-Mg (ZAM) Coated Steel Substructure supplies Refined Zinc (Coating) (Zinc coating)
- Hot-Dip Galvanized Steel Ground Posts supplies Refined Zinc (Coating) (Zinc galvanizing)
- Zn-Al-Mg (ZAM) Coated Steel Substructure supplies Primary Magnesium (Coating Alloy) (Magnesium coating alloy)
- Refined Zinc (Coating) refines Zinc Smelter (Zinc concentrate to metal)
- Zinc Smelter sources from Zinc Mine (Zinc concentrate)
- Primary Magnesium (Coating Alloy) refines Magnesium Smelter (Pidgeon Process) (Dolomite to magnesium)
- Magnesium Smelter (Pidgeon Process) sources from Dolomite / Magnesite Source (Dolomite feedstock)
- SUS304 Stainless Fasteners & Module Clamps supplies Crude Steel (BF-BOF) (Steel base)
- SUS304 Stainless Fasteners & Module Clamps supplies Refined Nickel / Nickel Pig Iron (Nickel (8%))
- SUS304 Stainless Fasteners & Module Clamps supplies Ferrochrome (Chromium for SS) (Chromium (18%))
- Refined Nickel / Nickel Pig Iron refines Nickel RKEF / NPI Processor (Ore to NPI/nickel)
- Nickel RKEF / NPI Processor sources from Nickel Laterite Mine (Nickel laterite ore)
- Ferrochrome (Chromium for SS) refines Ferrochrome Smelter (Chromite to ferrochrome)
- Ferrochrome Smelter sources from Chromite Mine (South Africa) (Chromite ore)
- Tracker Drive Motor / Actuator supplies NdFeB Permanent Magnet (Permanent magnets)
- Tracker Drive Motor / Actuator supplies Bearing / Gear Steel (Slew Drive) (Motor/gear steel)
- Tracker Drive Motor / Actuator supplies Refined Copper (PCB / Wiring) (Motor windings)
- NdFeB Permanent Magnet refines Rare Earth Separation / Magnet Alloy Plant (RE oxide to magnet)
- Rare Earth Separation / Magnet Alloy Plant sources from Rare Earth Oxides (Nd/Pr/Dy) (Nd/Pr/Dy oxide)
- Rare Earth Oxides (Nd/Pr/Dy) sources from Rare Earth Mine (Rare earth concentrate)
- Tracker Controller Electronics (PCBA) assembles Printed Circuit Board (Controller) (Populated PCB)
- Printed Circuit Board (Controller) supplies Refined Copper (PCB / Wiring) (Copper traces/wiring)
- Cable Management & Grounding Hardware supplies Refined Copper (PCB / Wiring) (Copper grounding)
- Refined Copper (PCB / Wiring) refines Copper Smelter / Refinery (Concentrate to cathode)
- Copper Smelter / Refinery sources from Copper Mine (Copper concentrate)
Sources and methodology
Research-based supply-chain map compiled from public sources - not an audited bill of materials. Tiers reflect the standard industry structure for this product. Sourcing risk on a node describes where that input is typically mined or refined; it is not a FEOC determination for Clenergy, and it is not a screening result for the node itself unless a federal listing is cited against it. Verify against primary documentation before making a compliance determination.
Primary sources (1) - government, filings, standards bodies
Secondary sources (22) - trade press, analysts, reference works
- clenergy.com clenergy.com/
- clenergy.com clenergy.com/utility/
- clenergy.com clenergy.com/about
- solaracks.com solaracks.com/hdg-steel-aluminum-or-zam-which-solar-racking-material-actually-wins-against-corrosion/
- solaracks.com solaracks.com/resources/what-is-zam-steel-coating/
- cnaluprofile.com cnaluprofile.com/news/industry-news/aluminium-solar-rails-the-complete-guide-to-profiles-load-ratings.html
- discoveryalert.com.au discoveryalert.com.au/aluminium-producers-manufacturers-value-chain-mine-market-2026/
- bloominglobal.com bloominglobal.com/media/detail/top-10-alumina-producers-in-china-2025
- discoveryalert.com.au discoveryalert.com.au/guinea-bauxite-exports-china-market-analysis-2026/
- transitionasia.org transitionasia.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/TA_The_Chinese_Aluminium_Sector_2025N.pdf
- wanzhigalvanized.com wanzhigalvanized.com/zam-steel/zam-steel-sheet/
- mmta.co.uk mmta.co.uk/nickel-and-stainless-steel-assets-key-takeaways-from-crus-visit-to-indonesias-morowali-industrial-park-imip/
- fastmarkets.com fastmarkets.com/insights/high-stainless-steel-output-in-china-led-to-jump-in-raw-material-imports/
- chinacorten.com chinacorten.com/stainless-steel-plate/sus304-stainless-steel.html
- zenith-drive.com zenith-drive.com/news/what-should-you-know-about-the-solar-tracker-slew-drive.html
- discoveryalert.com.au discoveryalert.com.au/china-net-refined-zinc-exporter-global-market-shift-2026/
- magnium.com.au magnium.com.au/industrial-policy-of-china/
- worldpopulationreview.com worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/magnesium-production-by-country
- rareearthexchanges.com rareearthexchanges.com/news/the-magnet-empire-why-tiny-components-now-control-modern-industrial-power/
- theconversation.com theconversation.com/chinas-green-steel-push-could-crush-australias-dirty-iron-ore-exports-219299
- discoveryalert.com.au discoveryalert.com.au/china-iron-ore-imports-2025-dominance/
- worldsteel.org worldsteel.org/other-topics/raw-materials/
Common questions
- Where does Clenergy source the inputs in this product?
- This map traces 44 inputs across 7 countries, including 20 mines and refiners. It is compiled from public sources and is not an audited bill of materials.
- How much of the Clenergy supply chain sits in a covered nation?
- 30 of 44 mapped inputs are sited in a covered nation (China, Russia, Iran or North Korea) or named on a federal restricted-party list. A further 6 carry elevated sourcing risk without either basis.
- Is Clenergy itself a Foreign Entity of Concern?
- Yes. Clenergy is organized in China, a covered nation under the FEOC rules, which makes it a foreign entity of concern for IRA clean-energy tax credit purposes. It is not named on any of the 3 federal restricted-party lists screened for this record (DOD Section 1260H, BIS Entity List, OFAC SDN List). Sourcing risk in this map describes where inputs are mined and refined and is a separate question from the company's own federal screening.