Where does Gotion High-Tech source its components?
China. Supply chain mapped to 48 inputs across 7 countries.
Yes. Gotion High-Tech is organized in China, a covered nation under the FEOC rules, which makes it a foreign entity of concern for IRA clean-energy tax credit purposes. It is not named on any of the 3 federal restricted-party lists screened for this record (DOD Section 1260H, BIS Entity List, OFAC SDN List). Is Gotion High-Tech a Foreign Entity of Concern?
Upstream sourcing exposure
40 in covered nations - 7 elevated, of 48 nodes.
Where inputs are mined and refined. Not a FEOC determination for the company -- see the federal list screening above.
Refining chokepoint
5 of 7 processing/refining steps in covered nations
Sourcing Concentration by Country
Sourcing risk across the graph
Where each input is mined or refined. Not a FEOC determination for the company.
Legend
Node Types
Sourcing risk
Relationships
Every mapped input in the Gotion High-Tech supply chain
48 nodes, grouped by supply-chain tier. Sourcing risk describes where an input is mined or refined; it is not a FEOC determination for Gotion High-Tech.
Producer (1)
| Input | Origin | Sourcing risk | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gotion High-TechHefei, Anhui, China (HQ); Manteno, Illinois (US cell/pack); Kenitra, Morocco | China | Covered nation | World's #6 lithium-ion battery maker (~3.5% share), Chinese-owned, VW strategic partner. LFP/LMFP dominant, plus NMC and new sodium-ion. Vertically integrated four-material ecosystem. Chinese ownership + China-refined midstream = flagged. |
Component (14)
| Input | Origin | Sourcing risk | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|
| LFP/LMFP Battery CellHefei / Manteno IL | China | Covered nation | Primary product. Lithium iron phosphate / lithium-manganese-iron-phosphate (Astroinno L600). >98% of LFP cells produced in China. |
| NMC Battery CellHefei, China | China | Covered nation | Secondary chemistry line (nickel-manganese-cobalt oxide). |
| Sodium-Ion Battery CellHefei, China | China | Covered nation | New product line (261 Wh/kg, 20,000 cycles, unveiled 2026). Uses Prussian-white/layered-oxide cathode + hard carbon anode + Na salt. |
| LFP Cathode Active MaterialHefei; planned Michigan CAM plant (cancelled 2025) | China | Covered nation | In-house produced by Gotion. China makes >98% of LFP cathode active material. |
| NMC Cathode Active MaterialChina | China | Covered nation | Nickel-manganese-cobalt oxide cathode; China ~95%+ of pCAM/CAM. |
| Graphite Anode Active MaterialChina | China | Covered nation | Natural + synthetic graphite anode. China makes 93% of graphite anode material, 99% of spherical graphite. |
| Silicon-Carbon Anode MaterialHefei (Stellary 2nd-gen Si-C) | China | Covered nation | Gotion in-house silicon-carbon + pre-lithiation for high energy density. China-processed. |
| ElectrolyteChina; Cleveland Research Institute (formulation) | China | Covered nation | LiPF6 salt + carbonate solvents + additives. China >70% of LiPF6 capacity. |
| SeparatorChina | China | Covered nation | PE/PP microporous film with ceramic (alumina) coating. Wet-process. Some allied supply (SK IE Technology partnership); mixed = review. |
| Copper Foil (Anode Current Collector)China; some Morocco (Hailiang park) | China | Covered nation | Rolled/electrodeposited battery-grade copper foil. China-dominated. |
| Aluminum Foil (Cathode Current Collector)China | China | Covered nation | Battery-grade aluminum foil carrying cathode. |
| LFP Precursor (Iron Phosphate / pCAM)China | China | Covered nation | Iron phosphate precursor combined with Li source to form LFP CAM. China near-monopoly in cathode precursors. |
| NMC Precursor (Ni-Co-Mn Hydroxide pCAM)China | China | Covered nation | Co-precipitated Ni-Co-Mn hydroxide precursor from metal sulfates. China dominates pCAM. |
| Sodium-Ion Cathode (Prussian White / Layered Oxide)China | China | Covered nation | Na-ion cathode; uses Na salts + Mn/Fe. China-processed. |
Processing and refining (7)
| Input | Origin | Sourcing risk | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lithium Conversion Plant (China)China (hard-rock + brine conversion) | China | Covered nation | Roasts spodumene / processes brine into battery-grade Li carbonate. China ~73% of global lithium conversion — the FEOC chokepoint. |
| Lithium Carbonate Refinery (Argentina)Jujuy Province, Argentina (Gotion/JEMSE) | Argentina | Elevated sourcing risk | Planned Gotion-JEMSE battery-grade Li carbonate plant (10k-60k t/yr). Chinese-operated JV = flagged despite allied geography. |
| Graphite Purification & Spheroidization (China)China | China | Covered nation | Milling, spheroidization, HF purification, carbon coating. China near-total control of anode-grade refining. |
| Nickel HPAL Refinery (Indonesia, Chinese-owned)Sulawesi HPAL parks, Indonesia | Indonesia | Elevated sourcing risk | High-pressure acid leach producing nickel sulfate/MHP. ~80% Chinese-owned = flagged. |
| Cobalt Refinery (China)China | China | Covered nation | Refines DRC cobalt intermediates into cobalt sulfate. China ~70-75% of refined cobalt. |
| Phosphate/PPA Refinery (China)China | China | Covered nation | Processes phosphate rock into battery-grade purified phosphoric acid. China ~75% of PPA. |
| Silicon Smelter / Polysilicon (China)China | China | Covered nation | Reduces quartz to silicon metal; nano-silicon processing. China-dominated. |
Raw material (17)
| Input | Origin | Sourcing risk | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Battery-Grade Lithium CarbonateChina conversion plants; planned Gotion/JEMSE plant Jujuy, Argentina | China | Covered nation | ~75% of LFP cathode mass. China commands ~73% of global lithium chemical conversion. |
| Battery-Grade Purified Phosphoric Acid (PPA)China | China | Covered nation | ~9% of LFP composition. China ~three-quarters of global PPA + phosphate rock processing. |
| Iron Source (Iron Ore / Iron Salts)Global | China | Covered nation | ~2% of LFP composition; iron is abundant/low-risk, salts refined in China. Mixed = review. |
| Nickel SulfateChina / Chinese-owned Indonesia HPAL | China | Covered nation | NMC precursor input. ~80% of Indonesian refined nickel is Chinese-owned. |
| Cobalt SulfateChina | China | Covered nation | NMC precursor input. China refines ~70-75% of world cobalt, feedstock mostly DRC. |
| High-Purity Manganese SulfateChina | China | Covered nation | NMC + LMFP + sodium-ion input. China ~95% of battery-grade manganese sulfate. |
| Lithium Hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6)Jiangsu / Hunan, China | China | Covered nation | Key electrolyte salt (~40% of electrolyte cost). China >70% of global capacity. |
| Carbonate Solvents (EC / DMC)China | China | Covered nation | Ethylene carbonate / dimethyl carbonate electrolyte solvents. China-dominated. |
| Spherical Purified Graphite (SPG)China | China | Covered nation | 99.95%+ carbon, spheroidized + carbon-coated. China ~99% of spherical graphite processing (HF route). |
| Synthetic GraphiteChina | China | Covered nation | From petroleum needle coke/pitch, graphitized >2500C. China-dominated. |
| Silicon Metal / Nano-SiliconChina | China | Covered nation | Silicon metal smelted from quartz; nano-Si for anode. China dominates silicon metal output. |
| PVDF / CMC-SBR BindersChina | China | Covered nation | Polyvinylidene fluoride + CMC/SBR electrode binders. China-dominated fluoropolymer supply. |
| Conductive Carbon BlackChina | China | Covered nation | Conductive additive in electrodes. China-dominated. |
| Alumina / Boehmite Ceramic CoatingChina | China | Covered nation | Al2O3/boehmite ceramic coating for separator thermal safety. Mixed. |
| Refined Copper CathodeChina smelters | China | Covered nation | Refined copper for foil. China dominates copper smelting/refining. |
| Hard Carbon (Na-ion Anode)China | China | Covered nation | Hard carbon anode material for sodium-ion cells. China-processed. |
| Soda Ash / Sodium CarbonateGlobal / China | China | Covered nation | Abundant low-risk sodium source for Na-ion; China-processed. |
Mine and extraction (9)
| Input | Origin | Sourcing risk | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Spodumene (Hard-Rock Lithium) MineGreenbushes / Pilgangoora, Western Australia | Australia | No known risk factor | Largest hard-rock lithium source; 6% Li2O concentrate. Allied-mined but refined in China (flagged downstream). |
| Lithium Brine (Salar)Jujuy Province salt flats, Argentina | Argentina | Elevated sourcing risk | Lithium Triangle brine, low-cost extraction. Gotion/JEMSE mining rights ~17,000 ha; Chinese-operated JV. |
| Natural Flake Graphite MineHeilongjiang, China | China | Covered nation | China mines ~two-thirds to 80% of natural graphite. |
| Nickel Laterite MineSulawesi, Indonesia | Indonesia | Elevated sourcing risk | Laterite ore feeding HPAL. Ore export ban since 2020; Chinese-invested. |
| Cobalt MineKatanga / Copperbelt, DR Congo | Democratic Republic Of Congo | Elevated sourcing risk | World's largest cobalt source; much of DRC output Chinese-owned and China-refined. |
| Phosphate Rock MineChina (also Morocco OCP, US) | China | Covered nation | China ~45% of mined phosphate rock; feedstock for battery-grade PPA. |
| Manganese Ore MineKalahari Manganese Field, South Africa | South Africa | Elevated sourcing risk | Allied-mined manganese ore; refined into sulfate in China (~95%). |
| Copper MineChile / Peru | Chile | Elevated sourcing risk | Allied copper ore; smelting/refining concentrated in China. |
| Silica / Quartz MineChina | China | Covered nation | Quartz feedstock for silicon metal smelting. |
Material flow (56 relationships)
- Gotion High-Tech manufactures LFP/LMFP Battery Cell (LFP/LMFP battery cell)
- Gotion High-Tech manufactures NMC Battery Cell (NMC battery cell)
- Gotion High-Tech manufactures Sodium-Ion Battery Cell (sodium-ion battery cell)
- LFP/LMFP Battery Cell assembles LFP Cathode Active Material (LFP cathode)
- LFP/LMFP Battery Cell assembles Graphite Anode Active Material (graphite anode)
- LFP/LMFP Battery Cell assembles Silicon-Carbon Anode Material (silicon-carbon anode additive)
- LFP/LMFP Battery Cell assembles Electrolyte (electrolyte)
- LFP/LMFP Battery Cell assembles Separator (separator)
- LFP/LMFP Battery Cell assembles Copper Foil (Anode Current Collector) (copper foil current collector)
- LFP/LMFP Battery Cell assembles Aluminum Foil (Cathode Current Collector) (aluminum foil current collector)
- NMC Battery Cell assembles NMC Cathode Active Material (NMC cathode)
- NMC Battery Cell assembles Graphite Anode Active Material (graphite anode)
- NMC Battery Cell assembles Electrolyte (electrolyte)
- NMC Battery Cell assembles Separator (separator)
- Sodium-Ion Battery Cell assembles Sodium-Ion Cathode (Prussian White / Layered Oxide) (Na-ion cathode)
- Sodium-Ion Battery Cell assembles Hard Carbon (Na-ion Anode) (hard carbon anode)
- Sodium-Ion Battery Cell assembles Electrolyte (electrolyte)
- LFP Cathode Active Material supplies LFP Precursor (Iron Phosphate / pCAM) (iron phosphate precursor)
- LFP Cathode Active Material supplies Battery-Grade Lithium Carbonate (lithium carbonate)
- LFP Cathode Active Material supplies Aluminum Foil (Cathode Current Collector) (aluminum foil substrate)
- LFP Precursor (Iron Phosphate / pCAM) supplies Battery-Grade Purified Phosphoric Acid (PPA) (purified phosphoric acid)
- LFP Precursor (Iron Phosphate / pCAM) supplies Iron Source (Iron Ore / Iron Salts) (iron source)
- NMC Cathode Active Material supplies NMC Precursor (Ni-Co-Mn Hydroxide pCAM) (Ni-Co-Mn hydroxide precursor)
- NMC Cathode Active Material supplies Battery-Grade Lithium Carbonate (lithium carbonate)
- NMC Precursor (Ni-Co-Mn Hydroxide pCAM) supplies Nickel Sulfate (nickel sulfate)
- NMC Precursor (Ni-Co-Mn Hydroxide pCAM) supplies Cobalt Sulfate (cobalt sulfate)
- NMC Precursor (Ni-Co-Mn Hydroxide pCAM) supplies High-Purity Manganese Sulfate (manganese sulfate)
- Graphite Anode Active Material supplies Spherical Purified Graphite (SPG) (spherical purified graphite)
- Graphite Anode Active Material supplies Synthetic Graphite (synthetic graphite)
- Graphite Anode Active Material supplies Conductive Carbon Black (conductive carbon black)
- Graphite Anode Active Material supplies PVDF / CMC-SBR Binders (binder)
- Graphite Anode Active Material supplies Copper Foil (Anode Current Collector) (copper foil substrate)
- Silicon-Carbon Anode Material supplies Silicon Metal / Nano-Silicon (nano-silicon)
- Electrolyte supplies Lithium Hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6) (LiPF6 salt)
- Electrolyte supplies Carbonate Solvents (EC / DMC) (carbonate solvents)
- Separator supplies Alumina / Boehmite Ceramic Coating (ceramic coating)
- Copper Foil (Anode Current Collector) supplies Refined Copper Cathode (refined copper)
- Sodium-Ion Cathode (Prussian White / Layered Oxide) supplies Soda Ash / Sodium Carbonate (sodium carbonate)
- Sodium-Ion Cathode (Prussian White / Layered Oxide) supplies High-Purity Manganese Sulfate (manganese sulfate)
- Battery-Grade Lithium Carbonate refines Lithium Conversion Plant (China) (lithium conversion)
- Battery-Grade Lithium Carbonate refines Lithium Carbonate Refinery (Argentina) (lithium carbonate refining)
- Lithium Conversion Plant (China) sources from Spodumene (Hard-Rock Lithium) Mine (spodumene concentrate)
- Lithium Carbonate Refinery (Argentina) sources from Lithium Brine (Salar) (lithium brine)
- Battery-Grade Purified Phosphoric Acid (PPA) refines Phosphate/PPA Refinery (China) (phosphoric acid purification)
- Phosphate/PPA Refinery (China) sources from Phosphate Rock Mine (phosphate rock)
- Spherical Purified Graphite (SPG) refines Graphite Purification & Spheroidization (China) (spheroidization & purification)
- Synthetic Graphite refines Graphite Purification & Spheroidization (China) (graphitization)
- Graphite Purification & Spheroidization (China) sources from Natural Flake Graphite Mine (natural flake graphite)
- Nickel Sulfate refines Nickel HPAL Refinery (Indonesia, Chinese-owned) (nickel HPAL refining)
- Nickel HPAL Refinery (Indonesia, Chinese-owned) sources from Nickel Laterite Mine (nickel laterite ore)
- Cobalt Sulfate refines Cobalt Refinery (China) (cobalt sulfate refining)
- Cobalt Refinery (China) sources from Cobalt Mine (cobalt hydroxide intermediate)
- High-Purity Manganese Sulfate sources from Manganese Ore Mine (manganese ore)
- Silicon Metal / Nano-Silicon refines Silicon Smelter / Polysilicon (China) (silicon smelting)
- Silicon Smelter / Polysilicon (China) sources from Silica / Quartz Mine (quartz / silica)
- Refined Copper Cathode sources from Copper Mine (copper ore)
Sources and methodology
Research-based supply-chain map compiled from public sources - not an audited bill of materials. Tiers reflect the standard industry structure for this product. Sourcing risk on a node describes where that input is typically mined or refined; it is not a FEOC determination for Gotion High-Tech, and it is not a screening result for the node itself unless a federal listing is cited against it. Verify against primary documentation before making a compliance determination.
Primary sources (2) - government, filings, standards bodies
Secondary sources (25) - trade press, analysts, reference works
- en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gotion
- gotion.com gotion.com/products-2/
- electrive.com electrive.com/2023/05/22/gotion-high-tech-prepares-lmfp-cell-production/
- cleantechnica.com cleantechnica.com/2026/05/22/gotion-unveils-sodium-battery-products-with-261-wh-kg-energy-density-and-20000-charge-cycles/
- battery-energy-storage-system.com battery-energy-storage-system.com/news/gotion-unveiled-all-solid-state-battery.html
- solarpowerworldonline.com solarpowerworldonline.com/2024/01/gotion-begins-production-of-lfp-batteries-in-california-ahead-of-illinois-factory-opening/
- sciencedirect.com sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666248525000071
- sciencedirect.com sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378775325018774
- source.benchmarkminerals.com source.benchmarkminerals.com/article/infographic-china-controls-three-quarters-of-graphite-anode-supply-chain
- modeldiplomat.com modeldiplomat.com/learn/glossary/graphite-refining
- batterytechonline.com batterytechonline.com/materials/natural-and-synthetic-graphite-in-battery-manufacturing
- energy-solutions.co energy-solutions.co/reports/lithium-chokepoint-china-monopoly/
- saltworkstech.com saltworkstech.com/articles/hardrock-spodumene-lithium-processing/
- mckinsey.com mckinsey.com/industries/metals-and-mining/our-insights/australias-potential-in-the-lithium-market
- cobaltinstitute.org cobaltinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/Cobalt-Market-Report-2022_final.pdf
- source.benchmarkminerals.com source.benchmarkminerals.com/article/visualising-critical-mineral-refining-by-2030
- prismaneconsulting.com prismaneconsulting.com/blog-details/lithium-hexafluorophosphate-lipf6-market-size-price-trade-and-outlook
- cen.acs.org cen.acs.org/energy/energy-storage-/Electrolyte-makers-chase-opportunities-US/102/i9
- tycorun.com tycorun.com/blogs/news/top-lithium-battery-separator-manufacturers
- electrification-solutions.com electrification-solutions.com/morocco-emerges-as-a-lfp-battery-hub-for-chinese-companies-targeting-american-and-european-market/
- decachem.com decachem.com/phosphoric-acid-in-lithium-iron-phosphate
- cnevpost.com cnevpost.com/2022/06/24/gotion-high-tech-to-build-facility-in-argentina/
- electrive.com electrive.com/2022/06/27/gotion-high-tech-signs-lithium-plant-deal-in-argentina/
- autotechinsight.ihsmarkit.com autotechinsight.ihsmarkit.com/news/5265721/gotion-hi-tech-jemse-to-extract-and-refine-lithium-in-northwest-argentina
- cnevpost.com cnevpost.com/2023/12/29/gotion-1st-us-made-battery-pack-off-line/
Common questions
- Where does Gotion High-Tech source the inputs in this product?
- This map traces 48 inputs across 7 countries, including 16 mines and refiners. It is compiled from public sources and is not an audited bill of materials.
- How much of the Gotion High-Tech supply chain sits in a covered nation?
- 40 of 48 mapped inputs are sited in a covered nation (China, Russia, Iran or North Korea) or named on a federal restricted-party list. A further 7 carry elevated sourcing risk without either basis.
- Is Gotion High-Tech itself a Foreign Entity of Concern?
- Yes. Gotion High-Tech is organized in China, a covered nation under the FEOC rules, which makes it a foreign entity of concern for IRA clean-energy tax credit purposes. It is not named on any of the 3 federal restricted-party lists screened for this record (DOD Section 1260H, BIS Entity List, OFAC SDN List). Sourcing risk in this map describes where inputs are mined and refined and is a separate question from the company's own federal screening.
