Where does Powin Energy source the inputs in this product?

This map traces 12 inputs across 3 countries, including 3 mines and refiners. It is compiled from public sources and is not an audited bill of materials.

How much of the Powin Energy supply chain sits in a covered nation?

10 of 12 mapped inputs are sited in a covered nation (China, Russia, Iran or North Korea) or named on a federal restricted-party list. A further 0 carry elevated sourcing risk without either basis.

Back to supply chains

Where does Powin Energy source its components?

United States. Supply chain mapped to 12 inputs across 3 countries.

Federal screeningClean

No federal designation found. Powin Energy is not named on any of the 3 federal restricted-party lists screened for this record (DOD Section 1260H, BIS Entity List, OFAC SDN List), and the United States is not a covered nation under the FEOC rules. Is Powin Energy a Foreign Entity of Concern?

Upstream sourcing exposure

High83% weighted

10 in covered nations - 0 elevated, of 12 nodes.

Where inputs are mined and refined. Not a FEOC determination for the company -- see the federal list screening above.

Refining chokepoint

1 of 1 processing/refining step in covered nations

Where the exposure sits - by supply-chain tier

Producer1

Supplier1

Component6

Processing / Refining1

Mine / Extraction2

Logistics1

designated covered nation elevated no known factor not assessed

Loading chain view...

Sourcing Concentration by Country

Covered NationAllied NationOther

Sourcing risk across the graph

Where each input is mined or refined. Not a FEOC determination for the company.

Designated (0%)

Covered nation (83%)

Elevated (0%)

No known factor (17%)

Legend

Node Types

Producer

Supplier

Component

Processing / Refining

Raw Material

Mine / Extraction

Logistics

Sourcing risk

Federally designated - named on a restricted-party list

Covered nation - sited in China, Russia, Iran or North Korea

Elevated - documented concentration risk, no federal listing

No known risk factor - not a compliance clearance

Not assessed - no sourcing judgement was made

Relationships

Transformation - manufactures / assembles

Refining - midstream processing (FEOC chokepoint)

Supply handoff - supplies / sources from

Arrows point in the direction material flows (input to product).

Every mapped input in the Powin Energy supply chain

12 nodes, grouped by supply-chain tier. Sourcing risk describes where an input is mined or refined; it is not a FEOC determination for Powin Energy.

Producer (1)

Input	Origin	Sourcing risk	Basis
Powin EnergyTualatin / Greater Portland, Oregon, USA	United States	No known risk factor	US integrator of utility-scale BESS (Centipede/Pod platforms). Designs and assembles systems domestically but sources LFP cells almost entirely from Chinese makers.

Supplier (1)

Input	Origin	Sourcing risk	Basis
CATL / EVE / REPT / Hithium (cell manufacturers)China	China	Covered nation	Powin's diversified cell base is nearly all Chinese: CATL (primary), EVE Energy, REPT Battero (12GWh framework), Hithium (5GWh). All FEOC-prohibited entities.

Component (6)

Input	Origin	Sourcing risk	Basis
LFP Battery Cell (large-format prismatic)China	China	Covered nation	300-320Ah LFP cells supplied under multi-GWh deals with CATL, EVE Energy, REPT Battero and Hithium - all China-based. ~98% of global LFP cells are made in China.
LFP Cathode PowderChina (Hunan Yuneng, Dynanonic-type suppliers)	China	Covered nation	China produces >98% of LFP cathode material; ~70% from two firms. Beijing added iron-phosphate cathode tech to export-control list, deepening dependence.
Graphite Anode MaterialChina	China	Covered nation	China controls ~90% of anode production and ~98% of graphitization; ~93% of all graphite anode material and ~99% of spherical graphite. Under Chinese export controls.
Polyolefin SeparatorChina	China	Covered nation	Wet-process polymer separators for LFP cells; China holds the dominant share of global separator capacity co-located with cell production.
Electrolyte (LiPF6-based)China	China	Covered nation	China dominates LiPF6 salt and electrolyte formulation. Supplied alongside cell manufacturing.
Copper & Aluminum Foils / Current CollectorsChina	China	Covered nation	Al foil (cathode collector) and Cu foil (anode collector). China's foil market is >75% of global Li-ion cell capacity; carbon-coated Al foil leaders are Chinese.

Processing and refining (1)

Input	Origin	Sourcing risk	Basis
Lithium Refiner (battery-grade Li carbonate/hydroxide)China	China	Covered nation	~96% of Australian spodumene is exported to China for conversion; China does the majority of global lithium chemical refining. Refining location drives FEOC flag even for allied-mined ore.

Mine and extraction (2)

Input	Origin	Sourcing risk	Basis
Spodumene (hard-rock lithium ore)Western Australia (Greenbushes/Pilbara region)	Australia	No known risk factor	Australia mines ~53% of world lithium (spodumene concentrate). Mine is allied/clean, but downstream refining occurs in China (see refiner node).
Natural Graphite (flake) / Synthetic Graphite PrecursorChina	China	Covered nation	China produces >60% of mined natural graphite and ~half of synthetic graphite precursor (petroleum coke route), plus nearly all purification/spheronization.

Logistics (1)

Input	Origin	Sourcing risk	Basis
Trans-Pacific Cell/System LogisticsChina ports -> US West Coast	China	Covered nation	Finished cells shipped from Chinese cell plants to Powin US facilities for module/system assembly. Logistics itself is not FEOC-scored; flagged origin is upstream.

Material flow (11 relationships)

Powin Energy assembles LFP Battery Cell (large-format prismatic) (LFP battery cells integrated into BESS enclosures)
LFP Battery Cell (large-format prismatic) manufactures CATL / EVE / REPT / Hithium (cell manufacturers) (Large-format prismatic LFP cells)
LFP Battery Cell (large-format prismatic) supplies LFP Cathode Powder (LFP cathode powder)
LFP Battery Cell (large-format prismatic) supplies Graphite Anode Material (Graphite anode material)
LFP Battery Cell (large-format prismatic) supplies Polyolefin Separator (Polyolefin separator film)
LFP Battery Cell (large-format prismatic) supplies Electrolyte (LiPF6-based) (LiPF6 electrolyte)
LFP Battery Cell (large-format prismatic) supplies Copper & Aluminum Foils / Current Collectors (Copper and aluminum current-collector foils)
LFP Cathode Powder sources from Lithium Refiner (battery-grade Li carbonate/hydroxide) (Battery-grade lithium carbonate)
Lithium Refiner (battery-grade Li carbonate/hydroxide) refines Spodumene (hard-rock lithium ore) (Spodumene concentrate to lithium chemical)
Graphite Anode Material sources from Natural Graphite (flake) / Synthetic Graphite Precursor (Natural/synthetic graphite feedstock)
CATL / EVE / REPT / Hithium (cell manufacturers) supplies Trans-Pacific Cell/System Logistics (Finished LFP cells shipped to US)

Sources and methodology

Research-based supply-chain map compiled from public sources - not an audited bill of materials. Tiers reflect the standard industry structure for this product. Sourcing risk on a node describes where that input is typically mined or refined; it is not a FEOC determination for Powin Energy, and it is not a screening result for the node itself unless a federal listing is cited against it. Verify against primary documentation before making a compliance determination.

Primary sources (1) - government, filings, standards bodies

iea.org iea.org/reports/global-critical-minerals-outlook-2025/beyond-nmc-batteries-supply-chain-issues-for-emerging-battery-technologies

Secondary sources (10) - trade press, analysts, reference works

Common questions

Where does Powin Energy source the inputs in this product?: This map traces 12 inputs across 3 countries, including 3 mines and refiners. It is compiled from public sources and is not an audited bill of materials.
How much of the Powin Energy supply chain sits in a covered nation?: 10 of 12 mapped inputs are sited in a covered nation (China, Russia, Iran or North Korea) or named on a federal restricted-party list. A further 0 carry elevated sourcing risk without either basis.
Is Powin Energy itself a Foreign Entity of Concern?: No federal designation found. Powin Energy is not named on any of the 3 federal restricted-party lists screened for this record (DOD Section 1260H, BIS Entity List, OFAC SDN List), and the United States is not a covered nation under the FEOC rules. Sourcing risk in this map describes where inputs are mined and refined and is a separate question from the company's own federal screening.

Federal list screening for Powin Energy Open in workspace