Back to supply chains
Where does Shanghai Electric source its components?
China. Supply chain mapped to 40 inputs across 6 countries.
Federal screeningFlagged
Yes. Shanghai Electric is organized in China, a covered nation under the FEOC rules, which makes it a foreign entity of concern for IRA clean-energy tax credit purposes. It is not named on any of the 3 federal restricted-party lists screened for this record (DOD Section 1260H, BIS Entity List, OFAC SDN List). Is Shanghai Electric a Foreign Entity of Concern?
Upstream sourcing exposure
High76% weighted
29 in covered nations - 3 elevated, of 40 nodes.
Where inputs are mined and refined. Not a FEOC determination for the company -- see the federal list screening above.
Refining chokepoint
7 of 7 processing/refining steps in covered nations
Producer1
Component8
Processing / Refining7
Raw Material15
Mine / Extraction8
Logistics1
designated covered nation elevated no known factor not assessed
Loading chain view...
Sourcing Concentration by Country
Covered NationAllied NationOther
Sourcing risk across the graph
Where each input is mined or refined. Not a FEOC determination for the company.
0
Designated (0%)
29
Covered nation (73%)
3
Elevated (8%)
8
No known factor (20%)
Legend
Node Types
Producer
Supplier
Component
Processing / Refining
Raw Material
Mine / Extraction
Logistics
Sourcing risk
Federally designated - named on a restricted-party list
Covered nation - sited in China, Russia, Iran or North Korea
Elevated - documented concentration risk, no federal listing
No known risk factor - not a compliance clearance
Not assessed - no sourcing judgement was made
Relationships
Transformation - manufactures / assembles
Refining - midstream processing (FEOC chokepoint)
Supply handoff - supplies / sources from
Arrows point in the direction material flows (input to product).
Every mapped input in the Shanghai Electric supply chain
40 nodes, grouped by supply-chain tier. Sourcing risk describes where an input is mined or refined; it is not a FEOC determination for Shanghai Electric.
Producer (1)
| Input | Origin | Sourcing risk | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Shanghai ElectricShanghai Electric Power Transmission & Distribution (SMEC), Shanghai, China | China | Covered nation | Chinese state-affiliated OEM of power transformers, GIS switchgear, and grid T&D equipment; China-domiciled = FEOC flagged. |
Component (8)
| Input | Origin | Sourcing risk | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Transformer Core (CRGO laminations) | China | Covered nation | Magnetic core stacked from grain-oriented electrical steel laminations; the loss-critical heart of the transformer. |
| Windings (HV/LV coils) | China | Covered nation | Primary and secondary coils wound from electrolytic copper conductor (aluminum on some distribution units). |
| Solid Insulation (paper & pressboard) | Mixed | Elevated sourcing risk | Cellulose kraft paper and pressboard wrap windings; premium pressboard often from Weidmann (Switzerland) but converted in China. |
| Insulating Oil (dielectric fluid) | China | Covered nation | Naphthenic mineral oil provides insulation and cooling; refined largely in China for domestic transformer output. |
| Tank & Radiators (mild steel) | China | Covered nation | Welded mild-steel tank and cooling radiators/fins; 4-8mm plate, China-fabricated. |
| HV Bushings (OIP/RIP) | Mixed | Elevated sourcing risk | Oil/resin-impregnated-paper condenser bushings with porcelain or composite housing; global (MR/Germany) or Chinese suppliers. |
| On-Load Tap Changer (OLTC) | Mixed | Elevated sourcing risk | Voltage-regulating diverter/selector switch; MR (Germany) is world leader but also has a China production site. |
| GIS Switchgear Assembly | China | Covered nation | Gas-insulated switchgear bays paired with substation transformers; SF6-filled, China-assembled. |
Processing and refining (7)
| Input | Origin | Sourcing risk | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Baowu CRGO MillBaoshan / Wuhan (Baowu Group), China | China | Covered nation | Rolls and anneals CRGO from silicon steel; #1 globally — China dominates midstream electrical-steel processing. |
| Baowu Blast Furnace / SteelworksChina Baowu integrated steelworks, China | China | Covered nation | Smelts imported iron ore into pig iron and steel; China makes ~47% of world crude steel. |
| Silicon Metal Smelter (submerged-arc)Xinjiang / Yunnan / Sichuan, China | China | Covered nation | Submerged-arc furnaces reduce quartz to silicon; China dominates this midstream chokepoint. |
| Copper Smelter / RefineryChina (e.g. Jiangxi/Shandong smelters) | China | Covered nation | China refines ~48% of world copper — 5x the #2; the midstream chokepoint even for allied-mined ore. |
| Naphthenic Oil RefineryChina | China | Covered nation | Refines naphthenic-crude slates into high-grade transformer base oil for domestic OEMs. |
| Pressboard / Kraft Paper ConverterChina (Weidmann/Zhongtian lines) | China | Covered nation | Converts pulp into transformer pressboard; premium supplier Weidmann (CH) also runs China lines. |
| SF6 Gas Production PlantChina | China | Covered nation | Synthesizes electronic-grade SF6 from sulfur + fluorspar; China-based fluorochemical chokepoint. |
Raw material (15)
| Input | Origin | Sourcing risk | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Grain-Oriented Electrical Steel (CRGO) | China | Covered nation | Cold-rolled grain-oriented silicon steel; China Baowu is the world's largest CRGO producer (~1.16 Mt capacity). |
| Silicon Steel Slab (Si-alloyed steel) | China | Covered nation | Steel slab alloyed with ~3% silicon, feedstock for CRGO rolling. |
| Pig Iron / Molten Steel | China | Covered nation | Blast-furnace pig iron from iron ore + coke, refined into steel. |
| Iron Ore | Australia | No known risk factor | Hematite/magnetite ore; Australia and Brazil supply ~2/3 of seaborne ore imported by China. |
| Metallurgical Coke / Coking Coal | China | Covered nation | Reductant for blast furnace; largely domestic Chinese coking coal + coke. |
| Silicon Metal / Ferrosilicon | China | Covered nation | Silicon addition for electrical-steel alloying; China produces ~80% of world silicon metal. |
| Quartz / Silica (SiO2) | China | Covered nation | Silica rock feedstock for silicon smelting. |
| Electrolytic Copper Conductor | China | Covered nation | High-purity copper wire/strip for windings; refined predominantly in China. |
| Refined Copper Cathode | China | Covered nation | 99.99% Cu cathode drawn into conductor. |
| Copper Concentrate | Chile | No known risk factor | ~30% Cu concentrate shipped to Chinese smelters; Chile is China's top ore source. |
| Naphthenic Base Oil | China | Covered nation | Specialty naphthenic base oil is the feedstock for transformer dielectric fluid; limited global refining capacity. |
| Naphthenic Crude Oil | China | Covered nation | Specific naphthenic crude slate (domestic + imported); sourcing mixed. |
| Specialty Cellulose Pulp | Sweden | No known risk factor | Unbleached softwood kraft pulp for electrical-grade paper/pressboard; Nordic specialty pulp. |
| Porcelain / Alumina Insulator Body | China | Covered nation | High-alumina porcelain for bushing/GIS insulators; China-fired ceramics. |
| SF6 Insulating Gas | China | Covered nation | Sulfur hexafluoride dielectric gas fills GIS bays; China is a leading SF6 producer. |
Mine and extraction (8)
| Input | Origin | Sourcing risk | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pilbara Iron Ore MinesPilbara region, Western Australia | Australia | No known risk factor | Allied-mined iron ore (Rio Tinto/BHP/FMG); ore itself clean, but smelted in China. |
| Carajás Iron Ore MineCarajás, Pará, Brazil (Vale) | Brazil | No known risk factor | High-grade Brazilian iron ore; allied-mined, refined in China. |
| Coking Coal MineShanxi / Inner Mongolia, China | China | Covered nation | Domestic Chinese coking coal feeding blast furnaces. |
| Quartz / Silica QuarryChina | China | Covered nation | Domestic silica/quartzite quarry feeding silicon smelters. |
| Escondida / Chilean Copper MinesAtacama, Chile | Chile | No known risk factor | Chile mines ~23% of world copper; allied-mined but concentrate refined in China = flagged downstream. |
| Peruvian Copper MinesPeru | Peru | No known risk factor | Peru is a major concentrate source (~350kt/yr to China); allied-mined, China-refined. |
| Nordic Softwood ForestrySweden / Finland | Sweden | No known risk factor | Sustainably-managed softwood source for electrical-grade cellulose (mine-analog raw source). |
| Bauxite / Alumina SourceChina (also Guinea imports) | China | Covered nation | Bauxite/alumina feedstock for porcelain; China-processed. |
Logistics (1)
| Input | Origin | Sourcing risk | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Concentrate & Ore ShippingPacific bulk shipping lanes | China | Covered nation | Bulk carriers moving iron ore and copper concentrate from Australia/Chile/Peru to Chinese smelters. |
Material flow (45 relationships)
- Shanghai Electric assembles Transformer Core (CRGO laminations) (Transformer core)
- Shanghai Electric assembles Windings (HV/LV coils) (Windings)
- Shanghai Electric assembles Solid Insulation (paper & pressboard) (Solid insulation)
- Shanghai Electric assembles Insulating Oil (dielectric fluid) (Insulating oil)
- Shanghai Electric assembles Tank & Radiators (mild steel) (Tank & radiators)
- Shanghai Electric assembles HV Bushings (OIP/RIP) (HV bushings)
- Shanghai Electric assembles On-Load Tap Changer (OLTC) (On-load tap changer)
- Shanghai Electric assembles GIS Switchgear Assembly (GIS switchgear)
- Transformer Core (CRGO laminations) supplies Grain-Oriented Electrical Steel (CRGO) (CRGO electrical steel)
- Grain-Oriented Electrical Steel (CRGO) refines Baowu CRGO Mill (CRGO rolling/annealing)
- Baowu CRGO Mill sources from Silicon Steel Slab (Si-alloyed steel) (Silicon steel slab)
- Silicon Steel Slab (Si-alloyed steel) sources from Pig Iron / Molten Steel (Pig iron / steel)
- Pig Iron / Molten Steel refines Baowu Blast Furnace / Steelworks (Blast-furnace smelting)
- Baowu Blast Furnace / Steelworks sources from Iron Ore (Iron ore)
- Iron Ore sources from Pilbara Iron Ore Mines (Iron ore extraction)
- Iron Ore sources from Carajás Iron Ore Mine (Iron ore extraction)
- Baowu Blast Furnace / Steelworks sources from Metallurgical Coke / Coking Coal (Coke reductant)
- Metallurgical Coke / Coking Coal sources from Coking Coal Mine (Coking coal extraction)
- Silicon Steel Slab (Si-alloyed steel) sources from Silicon Metal / Ferrosilicon (Silicon addition)
- Silicon Metal / Ferrosilicon refines Silicon Metal Smelter (submerged-arc) (Silicon smelting)
- Silicon Metal Smelter (submerged-arc) sources from Quartz / Silica (SiO2) (Quartz / silica)
- Quartz / Silica (SiO2) sources from Quartz / Silica Quarry (Silica extraction)
- Windings (HV/LV coils) supplies Electrolytic Copper Conductor (Copper conductor)
- Electrolytic Copper Conductor sources from Refined Copper Cathode (Copper cathode drawing)
- Refined Copper Cathode refines Copper Smelter / Refinery (Copper smelting/refining)
- Copper Smelter / Refinery sources from Copper Concentrate (Copper concentrate)
- Copper Concentrate sources from Escondida / Chilean Copper Mines (Copper ore extraction)
- Copper Concentrate sources from Peruvian Copper Mines (Copper ore extraction)
- Insulating Oil (dielectric fluid) supplies Naphthenic Base Oil (Naphthenic base oil)
- Naphthenic Base Oil refines Naphthenic Oil Refinery (Base-oil refining)
- Naphthenic Oil Refinery sources from Naphthenic Crude Oil (Naphthenic crude)
- Solid Insulation (paper & pressboard) supplies Specialty Cellulose Pulp (Cellulose pulp)
- Specialty Cellulose Pulp refines Pressboard / Kraft Paper Converter (Pressboard conversion)
- Pressboard / Kraft Paper Converter sources from Nordic Softwood Forestry (Softwood pulp source)
- HV Bushings (OIP/RIP) supplies Porcelain / Alumina Insulator Body (Porcelain insulator)
- Porcelain / Alumina Insulator Body sources from Bauxite / Alumina Source (Bauxite / alumina)
- HV Bushings (OIP/RIP) supplies Electrolytic Copper Conductor (Bushing conductor rod)
- On-Load Tap Changer (OLTC) supplies Electrolytic Copper Conductor (Contact copper)
- GIS Switchgear Assembly supplies SF6 Insulating Gas (SF6 insulating gas)
- SF6 Insulating Gas refines SF6 Gas Production Plant (SF6 synthesis)
- GIS Switchgear Assembly supplies Porcelain / Alumina Insulator Body (Insulator body)
- GIS Switchgear Assembly supplies Electrolytic Copper Conductor (Busbar copper)
- Tank & Radiators (mild steel) sources from Pig Iron / Molten Steel (Mild steel plate)
- Copper Smelter / Refinery sources from Concentrate & Ore Shipping (Concentrate shipping)
- Baowu Blast Furnace / Steelworks sources from Concentrate & Ore Shipping (Ore shipping)
Sources and methodology
Research-based supply-chain map compiled from public sources - not an audited bill of materials. Tiers reflect the standard industry structure for this product. Sourcing risk on a node describes where that input is typically mined or refined; it is not a FEOC determination for Shanghai Electric, and it is not a screening result for the node itself unless a federal listing is cited against it. Verify against primary documentation before making a compliance determination.
Primary sources (1) - government, filings, standards bodies
Secondary sources (20) - trade press, analysts, reference works
- energypowertransformer.com energypowertransformer.com/key-components-of-a-power-transformer-core-windings-and-insulation/
- seatrustx.com seatrustx.com/transformer-main-components-core-winding-tank-bushing/
- elecbase.net elecbase.net/power-transformers/power-transformer-components/
- makpowerts.com makpowerts.com/materials-used-to-make-transformer
- taishantransformer.com taishantransformer.com/power-transformer-manufacturing-process/
- shanghaielectric-smec.com shanghaielectric-smec.com/1-6-transmission-distribution-equipment/
- markets.financialcontent.com markets.financialcontent.com/wral/article/abnewswire-2026-1-13-jiangsu-baowu-new-materials-china-manufacturer-and-wholesale-supplier-of-wear-resistant-steel-plate-and-grain-oriented-electrical-steel
- chemicalresearchinsight.com chemicalresearchinsight.com/2025/12/07/top-10-companies-in-the-grain-oriented-electrical-steel-industry-2025-market-leaders-powering-the-global-energy-grid/
- faxiangongchang.com faxiangongchang.com/en/reports/china-copper-smelting-2026
- investingnews.com investingnews.com/daily/resource-investing/base-metals-investing/copper-investing/copper-production-country/
- features.csis.org features.csis.org/copper-in-latin-america/
- en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper_mining_in_Chile
- en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_ore
- en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_silicon_production
- statista.com statista.com/statistics/268108/world-silicon-production-by-country/
- indexbox.io indexbox.io/store/china-mineral-based-transformer-oil-market-analysis-forecast-size-trends-and-insights/
- indexbox.io indexbox.io/store/asia-pacific-transformer-insulation-market-analysis-forecast-size-trends-and-insights/
- reinhausen.com reinhausen.com/portfolio/on-load-tap-changers
- reinhausen.com reinhausen.com/portfolio/bushings
- taishantransformer.com taishantransformer.com/products/gas-insulated-switchgear/
Common questions
- Where does Shanghai Electric source the inputs in this product?
- This map traces 40 inputs across 6 countries, including 15 mines and refiners. It is compiled from public sources and is not an audited bill of materials.
- How much of the Shanghai Electric supply chain sits in a covered nation?
- 29 of 40 mapped inputs are sited in a covered nation (China, Russia, Iran or North Korea) or named on a federal restricted-party list. A further 3 carry elevated sourcing risk without either basis.
- Is Shanghai Electric itself a Foreign Entity of Concern?
- Yes. Shanghai Electric is organized in China, a covered nation under the FEOC rules, which makes it a foreign entity of concern for IRA clean-energy tax credit purposes. It is not named on any of the 3 federal restricted-party lists screened for this record (DOD Section 1260H, BIS Entity List, OFAC SDN List). Sourcing risk in this map describes where inputs are mined and refined and is a separate question from the company's own federal screening.