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Where does Tesla Energy (Megapack) source its components?
United States. Supply chain mapped to 36 inputs across 5 countries.
Federal screeningClean
No federal designation found. Tesla Energy (Megapack) is not named on any of the 3 federal restricted-party lists screened for this record (DOD Section 1260H, BIS Entity List, OFAC SDN List), and the United States is not a covered nation under the FEOC rules. Is Tesla Energy (Megapack) a Foreign Entity of Concern?
Upstream sourcing exposure
High78% weighted
24 in covered nations - 8 elevated, of 36 nodes.
Where inputs are mined and refined. Not a FEOC determination for the company -- see the federal list screening above.
Refining chokepoint
4 of 4 processing/refining steps in covered nations
Producer1
Supplier1
Component17
Processing / Refining4
Raw Material7
Mine / Extraction6
designated covered nation elevated no known factor not assessed
Loading chain view...
Sourcing Concentration by Country
Covered NationAllied NationOther
Sourcing risk across the graph
Where each input is mined or refined. Not a FEOC determination for the company.
0
Designated (0%)
24
Covered nation (67%)
8
Elevated (22%)
4
No known factor (11%)
Legend
Node Types
Producer
Supplier
Component
Processing / Refining
Raw Material
Mine / Extraction
Logistics
Sourcing risk
Federally designated - named on a restricted-party list
Covered nation - sited in China, Russia, Iran or North Korea
Elevated - documented concentration risk, no federal listing
No known risk factor - not a compliance clearance
Not assessed - no sourcing judgement was made
Relationships
Transformation - manufactures / assembles
Refining - midstream processing (FEOC chokepoint)
Supply handoff - supplies / sources from
Arrows point in the direction material flows (input to product).
Every mapped input in the Tesla Energy (Megapack) supply chain
36 nodes, grouped by supply-chain tier. Sourcing risk describes where an input is mined or refined; it is not a FEOC determination for Tesla Energy (Megapack).
Producer (1)
| Input | Origin | Sourcing risk | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tesla MegapackMegafactory, Lathrop, California + Shanghai Megafactory | United States | No known risk factor | Utility-scale BESS. US units assembled at Lathrop CA; final assembly is domestic but cell/material supply chain is China-heavy upstream. |
Supplier (1)
| Input | Origin | Sourcing risk | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|
| SiC Power ModuleSTMicroelectronics / Wolfspeed / onsemi | United States | Elevated sourcing risk | Wide-bandgap SiC MOSFET modules for the inverter. Tesla historically STMicro; US (Wolfspeed/onsemi) and EU capacity, but SiC boules/wafers increasingly China-sourced (SICC, TanKeBlue). |
Component (17)
| Input | Origin | Sourcing risk | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|
| LFP Battery Cell (prismatic)CATL / BYD FinDreams / EVE (China); LG Energy Solution (US); Tesla Nevada LFP line | China | Covered nation | Megapack 2+ uses prismatic LFP cells. Historically CATL-sole; now BYD, EVE also supply. Tesla Nevada LFP line ramping with CATL equipment; LGES $4.3B US-made LFP contract diversifying. |
| Power Conversion System (inverter/PCS)Integrated at Lathrop; bidirectional inverter converting DC<->AC | United States | Elevated sourcing risk | On-board power electronics; assembly domestic but power semiconductors and passive components source globally. |
| Thermal Management System (liquid cooling)Integrated coolant loop, pumps, heat exchangers | United States | Elevated sourcing risk | Liquid-cooled BESS; glycol coolant, aluminum cold plates, pumps sourced from mixed suppliers. |
| Steel/Aluminum Enclosure & StructureCabinet, frame, bus structure | United States | Elevated sourcing risk | Outdoor-rated enclosure; steel and aluminum; primary aluminum smelting dominated by China globally. |
| Battery Management System / Controls (PCBA)Control electronics, sensors, PCBAs | United States | Elevated sourcing risk | Electronics assembly; ICs and PCBs source from Asia; assembly and firmware domestic. |
| LFP Cathode Active Material (LiFePO4 powder)Ronbay, Dynanonic and peers (China) | China | Covered nation | LFP cathode powder production overwhelmingly China (>95% of global LFP CAM). CATL locked ~$17B Ronbay supply deal. |
| Graphite Anode MaterialChina anode makers (BTR, Shanshan, etc.) | China | Covered nation | China produces ~93% of graphite anode material and 99% of spherical graphite. |
| Electrolyte (LiPF6 + solvents)China electrolyte makers | China | Covered nation | China dominates LiPF6 salt and electrolyte formulation supply. |
| Separator (polyolefin film)China separator makers (Yunnan Energy/Semcorp etc.) | China | Covered nation | China dominates wet-process battery separator manufacturing. |
| Current Collector Foils (Cu anode / Al cathode)Battery-grade Cu and Al foil, mostly China | China | Covered nation | Thin battery-grade copper and aluminum foils are China-concentrated. |
| Iron Phosphate Precursor (FePO4 / pCAM)China precursor plants | China | Covered nation | Iron phosphate precursor from iron sulfate + phosphoric acid; produced in China, fed into LFP CAM. |
| Spherical Purified Graphite (SPG)China spheronization/purification plants | China | Covered nation | ~99% of spherical graphite processed in China (HF purification route); the anode chokepoint. |
| Synthetic Graphite (from needle coke)China graphitization furnaces | China | Covered nation | Synthetic graphite graphitized in China from petroleum/needle coke; China ~69% of low-sulfur petcoke. |
| SiC Wafer / BouleWolfspeed (US) / SICC, TanKeBlue (China) / SiCrystal (EU) | China | Covered nation | Substrate wafers; capacity split US/EU/China. China SICC & TanKeBlue rapidly gaining share; review status reflects mixed sourcing. |
| Copper Busbars & WindingsSemi-fabricated Cu rod/plate | United States | Elevated sourcing risk | Copper busbars/lead frames in PCS; fabrication mixed but refined copper upstream is China-heavy. |
| Inductors / Transformers (magnetics)Wound magnetics, mostly Asia | China | Covered nation | Filter inductors and transformers; copper windings + electrical steel/ferrite cores, largely Asia-sourced. |
| Printed Circuit Boards (PCB)China/Taiwan PCB fabs | China | Covered nation | Bare PCBs overwhelmingly fabricated in China/Taiwan. |
Processing and refining (4)
| Input | Origin | Sourcing risk | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lithium Refinery (spodumene->carbonate)China acid-bake lithium converters | China | Covered nation | China holds ~65%+ of global lithium refining; the FEOC chokepoint even for Australian ore. US Corpus Christi refinery is an emerging clean alternative. |
| Graphite Processing (spheronization/purification)China SPG plants | China | Covered nation | China ~80%+ of spherical graphite processing capacity; the graphite chokepoint. Under China 2023 export permits. |
| Copper Smelter/RefineryChinese smelters (~50% global refined Cu) | China | Covered nation | China dominates copper smelting/refining; refined cathode chokepoint. |
| Alumina Refinery & Aluminum SmelterChinalco and peers (China ~57% primary Al) | China | Covered nation | China dominates alumina refining and primary aluminum smelting (energy-intensive electrolytic reduction). |
Raw material (7)
| Input | Origin | Sourcing risk | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Battery-grade Lithium CarbonateRefined product feeding LFP cathode | China | Covered nation | Lithium carbonate is ~75% of LFP mass; conversion to battery grade dominated by China. |
| Purified Phosphoric Acid (PPA)China PPA producers | China | Covered nation | Battery-grade purified phosphoric acid input to iron phosphate precursor; China-concentrated. |
| Iron Sulfate / Iron PowderChina chemical plants | China | Covered nation | Iron source for FePO4 precursor; low geographic concentration but processed in China. |
| Refined Copper CathodeGlobal smelters; China ~50% refining | China | Covered nation | Copper for foils, busbars, windings; China ~50% of global refined copper output. |
| Primary Aluminum IngotChina smelters (~57% of global primary Al) | China | Covered nation | Aluminum for foils, cold plates, enclosure; primary smelting China-dominated. |
| Silicon Metal / SiC PowderChina silicon metal furnaces | China | Covered nation | Silicon metal is China-dominated (~70-80%); feedstock for SiC crystal growth. |
| Steel (enclosure/structure)US/allied mills possible; China largest producer | United States | Elevated sourcing risk | Enclosure steel; sourcing mixed. China is world's largest steel producer but US assembly can use domestic mills. |
Mine and extraction (6)
| Input | Origin | Sourcing risk | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Spodumene Mine (hard rock lithium)Greenbushes / Pilgangoora, Western Australia | Australia | No known risk factor | Australia is top spodumene source; mining is allied but concentrate is largely exported to China for conversion. |
| Natural Flake Graphite MineHeilongjiang and other China flake deposits; also Mozambique/Madagascar | China | Covered nation | Flake graphite mining led by China; some allied mines (Mozambique) but feedstock still flows to China processing. |
| Copper MineEscondida / Codelco (Chile) | Chile | No known risk factor | Chile is world's largest copper producer; mining allied but concentrate refined heavily in China. |
| Bauxite MineGuinea / Australia bauxite | Guinea | Elevated sourcing risk | Bauxite mined in Guinea and Australia; much flows to Chinese alumina refiners. |
| Phosphate Rock MineChina / Morocco (OCP) phosphate rock | China | Covered nation | Phosphate rock for PPA; China large producer, Morocco largest reserves. China converts to battery-grade PPA. |
| Silica/Quartz SourceHigh-purity quartz (e.g. Spruce Pine NC) | United States | No known risk factor | Quartz/silica feedstock for silicon metal; US has premier high-purity quartz, but silicon metal smelting is China-led. |
Material flow (43 relationships)
- Tesla Megapack assembles LFP Battery Cell (prismatic) (LFP battery cell)
- Tesla Megapack assembles Power Conversion System (inverter/PCS) (Power conversion system)
- Tesla Megapack assembles Thermal Management System (liquid cooling) (Thermal management)
- Tesla Megapack assembles Steel/Aluminum Enclosure & Structure (Enclosure/structure)
- Tesla Megapack assembles Battery Management System / Controls (PCBA) (Battery management system)
- LFP Battery Cell (prismatic) assembles LFP Cathode Active Material (LiFePO4 powder) (LFP cathode active material)
- LFP Battery Cell (prismatic) assembles Graphite Anode Material (Graphite anode)
- LFP Battery Cell (prismatic) assembles Electrolyte (LiPF6 + solvents) (Electrolyte)
- LFP Battery Cell (prismatic) assembles Separator (polyolefin film) (Separator)
- LFP Battery Cell (prismatic) assembles Current Collector Foils (Cu anode / Al cathode) (Current collector foils)
- LFP Cathode Active Material (LiFePO4 powder) supplies Iron Phosphate Precursor (FePO4 / pCAM) (Iron phosphate precursor)
- LFP Cathode Active Material (LiFePO4 powder) supplies Battery-grade Lithium Carbonate (Lithium carbonate)
- Iron Phosphate Precursor (FePO4 / pCAM) supplies Purified Phosphoric Acid (PPA) (Purified phosphoric acid)
- Iron Phosphate Precursor (FePO4 / pCAM) supplies Iron Sulfate / Iron Powder (Iron sulfate)
- Graphite Anode Material supplies Spherical Purified Graphite (SPG) (Spherical purified graphite)
- Graphite Anode Material supplies Synthetic Graphite (from needle coke) (Synthetic graphite)
- Spherical Purified Graphite (SPG) refines Graphite Processing (spheronization/purification) (Spheronized purified graphite)
- Graphite Processing (spheronization/purification) sources from Natural Flake Graphite Mine (Natural flake graphite)
- Electrolyte (LiPF6 + solvents) supplies Battery-grade Lithium Carbonate (Lithium salt source)
- Current Collector Foils (Cu anode / Al cathode) supplies Refined Copper Cathode (Copper foil)
- Current Collector Foils (Cu anode / Al cathode) supplies Primary Aluminum Ingot (Aluminum foil)
- Battery-grade Lithium Carbonate refines Lithium Refinery (spodumene->carbonate) (Lithium carbonate conversion)
- Lithium Refinery (spodumene->carbonate) sources from Spodumene Mine (hard rock lithium) (Spodumene concentrate)
- Purified Phosphoric Acid (PPA) sources from Phosphate Rock Mine (Phosphate rock)
- Refined Copper Cathode refines Copper Smelter/Refinery (Copper refining)
- Copper Smelter/Refinery sources from Copper Mine (Copper concentrate)
- Primary Aluminum Ingot refines Alumina Refinery & Aluminum Smelter (Aluminum smelting)
- Alumina Refinery & Aluminum Smelter sources from Bauxite Mine (Bauxite ore)
- Power Conversion System (inverter/PCS) assembles SiC Power Module (SiC power module)
- Power Conversion System (inverter/PCS) assembles Copper Busbars & Windings (Copper busbars)
- Power Conversion System (inverter/PCS) assembles Inductors / Transformers (magnetics) (Magnetics)
- Power Conversion System (inverter/PCS) assembles Printed Circuit Boards (PCB) (PCB)
- SiC Power Module supplies SiC Wafer / Boule (SiC wafer)
- SiC Wafer / Boule supplies Silicon Metal / SiC Powder (Silicon/SiC powder)
- Silicon Metal / SiC Powder sources from Silica/Quartz Source (Silica/quartz)
- Copper Busbars & Windings supplies Refined Copper Cathode (Refined copper)
- Inductors / Transformers (magnetics) supplies Refined Copper Cathode (Copper windings)
- Inductors / Transformers (magnetics) supplies Steel (enclosure/structure) (Electrical steel cores)
- Battery Management System / Controls (PCBA) assembles Printed Circuit Boards (PCB) (Control PCBA)
- Thermal Management System (liquid cooling) supplies Primary Aluminum Ingot (Aluminum cold plates)
- Thermal Management System (liquid cooling) supplies Refined Copper Cathode (Copper heat exchanger)
- Steel/Aluminum Enclosure & Structure supplies Steel (enclosure/structure) (Steel structure)
- Steel/Aluminum Enclosure & Structure supplies Primary Aluminum Ingot (Aluminum panels)
Sources and methodology
Research-based supply-chain map compiled from public sources - not an audited bill of materials. Tiers reflect the standard industry structure for this product. Sourcing risk on a node describes where that input is typically mined or refined; it is not a FEOC determination for Tesla Energy (Megapack), and it is not a screening result for the node itself unless a federal listing is cited against it. Verify against primary documentation before making a compliance determination.
Secondary sources (26) - trade press, analysts, reference works
- insideevs.com insideevs.com/news/723379/byd-tesla-battery-supplier-shanghai-megafactory/
- cnevpost.com cnevpost.com/2024/06/05/byd-findreams-to-supply-battery-cells-to-tesla-megafactory/
- electrive.com electrive.com/2024/02/01/tesla-to-build-battery-plant-in-nevada-with-help-from-catl/
- electrive.com electrive.com/2025/07/30/tesla-reportedly-places-major-lfp-battery-order-with-lges/
- lifepo4batteryshop.com lifepo4batteryshop.com/info/eve-energy-tesla-battery-supplier-2026.html
- en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Megapack
- utilitydive.com utilitydive.com/news/tesla-shifts-battery-chemistry-for-utility-scale-storage-megawall/600315/
- cen.acs.org cen.acs.org/energy/energy-storage-/Lithium-iron-phosphate-comes-to-America/101/i4
- sciencedirect.com sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378775325018774
- ess-news.com ess-news.com/2026/01/15/catl-locks-17-billion-battery-material-deal-as-lithium-prices-soar/
- source.benchmarkminerals.com source.benchmarkminerals.com/article/infographic-china-controls-three-quarters-of-graphite-anode-supply-chain
- metals-hub.com metals-hub.com/en/blog/graphite-supply-chain/
- cen.acs.org cen.acs.org/policy/trade/China-restricts-exports-graphite-used/101/i36
- benchmarkminerals.com benchmarkminerals.com/glossary/what-is-graphite
- saltworkstech.com saltworkstech.com/articles/hardrock-spodumene-lithium-processing/
- large.stanford.edu large.stanford.edu/courses/2025/ph240/mann1/
- camaltd.com camaltd.com/china-australia-lithium-shift-2026/
- mckinsey.com mckinsey.com/industries/metals-and-mining/our-insights/australias-potential-in-the-lithium-market
- idtechex.com idtechex.com/en/research-article/teslas-innovative-power-electronics-the-silicon-carbide-inverter/23080
- chargedevs.com chargedevs.com/features/heres-why-tesla-transitioned-to-a-semi-custom-power-module-design-in-model-3-inverter/
- semiconductor-today.com semiconductor-today.com/news_items/2023/may/infineon-030523.shtml
- semiconductor-digest.com semiconductor-digest.com/silicon-carbide-sic-wafer-supply-gets-squeezed/
- faxiangongchang.com faxiangongchang.com/en/reports/china-copper-smelting-2026
- en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codelco
- woodmac.com woodmac.com/horizons/securing-copper-supply-china-energy-transition/
- adtechamm.com adtechamm.com/aluminium-smelting-and-refining/
Common questions
- Where does Tesla Energy (Megapack) source the inputs in this product?
- This map traces 36 inputs across 5 countries, including 10 mines and refiners. It is compiled from public sources and is not an audited bill of materials.
- How much of the Tesla Energy (Megapack) supply chain sits in a covered nation?
- 24 of 36 mapped inputs are sited in a covered nation (China, Russia, Iran or North Korea) or named on a federal restricted-party list. A further 8 carry elevated sourcing risk without either basis.
- Is Tesla Energy (Megapack) itself a Foreign Entity of Concern?
- No federal designation found. Tesla Energy (Megapack) is not named on any of the 3 federal restricted-party lists screened for this record (DOD Section 1260H, BIS Entity List, OFAC SDN List), and the United States is not a covered nation under the FEOC rules. Sourcing risk in this map describes where inputs are mined and refined and is a separate question from the company's own federal screening.