Back to supply chains
Where does Guodian United Power Technology source its components?
China. Supply chain mapped to 39 inputs across 5 countries.
Federal screeningFlagged
Yes. Guodian United Power Technology is organized in China, a covered nation under the FEOC rules, which makes it a foreign entity of concern for IRA clean-energy tax credit purposes. It is not named on any of the 3 federal restricted-party lists screened for this record (DOD Section 1260H, BIS Entity List, OFAC SDN List). Is Guodian United Power Technology a Foreign Entity of Concern?
Upstream sourcing exposure
High90% weighted
34 in covered nations - 2 elevated, of 39 nodes.
Where inputs are mined and refined. Not a FEOC determination for the company -- see the federal list screening above.
Refining chokepoint
7 of 7 processing/refining steps in covered nations
Producer1
Component9
Processing / Refining7
Raw Material15
Mine / Extraction7
designated covered nation elevated no known factor not assessed
Loading chain view...
Sourcing Concentration by Country
Covered NationAllied NationOther
Sourcing risk across the graph
Where each input is mined or refined. Not a FEOC determination for the company.
0
Designated (0%)
34
Covered nation (87%)
2
Elevated (5%)
3
No known factor (8%)
Legend
Node Types
Producer
Supplier
Component
Processing / Refining
Raw Material
Mine / Extraction
Logistics
Sourcing risk
Federally designated - named on a restricted-party list
Covered nation - sited in China, Russia, Iran or North Korea
Elevated - documented concentration risk, no federal listing
No known risk factor - not a compliance clearance
Not assessed - no sourcing judgement was made
Relationships
Transformation - manufactures / assembles
Refining - midstream processing (FEOC chokepoint)
Supply handoff - supplies / sources from
Arrows point in the direction material flows (input to product).
Every mapped input in the Guodian United Power Technology supply chain
39 nodes, grouped by supply-chain tier. Sourcing risk describes where an input is mined or refined; it is not a FEOC determination for Guodian United Power Technology.
Producer (1)
| Input | Origin | Sourcing risk | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Guodian United Power TechnologyBaoding & Lianyungang, China (HQ Beijing) | China | Covered nation | State-owned OEM (China Energy / former China Guodian). 1.5MW–11MW turbines. China-domiciled and controlled = FEOC flagged. |
Component (9)
| Input | Origin | Sourcing risk | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Permanent-Magnet / Doubly-Fed GeneratorChina | China | Covered nation | Direct-drive PMSG and DFIG generators. NdFeB magnets + copper windings + electrical steel. |
| Main Gearbox (planetary/helical)Nanjing / Tianjin, China | China | Covered nation | Industry supplier NGC (Nanjing High Speed Gear). Alloy-steel gears + bearings. |
| Rotor BladesChina | China | Covered nation | Glass-fiber/epoxy composite with balsa/PET core; carbon-fiber spar caps on long blades. Mixed-origin inputs. |
| Steel TowerChina | China | Covered nation | Tubular hot-rolled low-alloy high-strength steel sections. Bao Steel / Baogang plate. |
| Hub & Structural Castings (nacelle bedplate, hub, main shaft)China | China | Covered nation | Ductile iron + forged alloy-steel main shaft. Chinese foundries/forges. |
| Power Converter & Control ElectronicsShenzhen, China | China | Covered nation | Full/partial power converter; industry supplier Hopewind. IGBT/SiC power modules + PCBs. |
| Main / Pitch / Yaw BearingsChina | China | Covered nation | Large slewing & main bearings; bearing steel from Chinese special-steel mills (e.g. Tianma/TMB). |
| Power Cabling & Bus BarsChina | China | Covered nation | ~53% of turbine copper is cable/wiring. Chinese cable makers. |
| Step-up TransformerChina | China | Covered nation | Copper windings + grain-oriented electrical steel core. |
Processing and refining (7)
| Input | Origin | Sourcing risk | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Baotou REE Separation & Magnet ComplexBaotou, Inner Mongolia, China | China | Covered nation | Northern light-REE base: solvent-extraction separation + NdFeB alloy/magnet. FEOC chokepoint. |
| Ganzhou Heavy-REE RefineryGanzhou, Jiangxi, China | China | Covered nation | Southern heavy-REE base: Dy/Tb separation for high-temp magnet grades. FEOC chokepoint. |
| Copper Smelter & RefineryChina | China | Covered nation | China smelts/refines ~40%+ of world copper from imported concentrate. Midstream chokepoint. |
| Steel Mill (BF-BOF)China (Bao Steel / Baogang) | China | Covered nation | China ~55% of world crude steel; smelts imported ore into plate/alloy. Chokepoint. |
| Ferroalloy Refiner (FeNi/FeCr/FeMo)China / Indonesia (China-owned) | China | Covered nation | China dominates ferroalloy & Indonesian Ni processing (China-owned RKEF). Feeds alloy steel. |
| PAN Precursor & Carbon-Fiber LineChina | China | Covered nation | Acrylonitrile→PAN→oxidized/carbonized CF. China-processed for domestic blades. |
| Silicon Metal & SiC Wafer ProcessingChina | China | Covered nation | China dominates silicon-metal smelting; SiC substrate split US/China. Feeds IGBT/SiC modules. |
Raw material (15)
| Input | Origin | Sourcing risk | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|
| NdFeB Sintered Permanent MagnetsNingbo / Baotou / Ganzhou, China | China | Covered nation | ~28% Nd, 4–5% Dy. China makes ~94% of sintered magnets (IEA 2024). FEOC chokepoint. |
| Copper (windings, cable, bus bar)China (smelted) | China | Covered nation | Ore imported from Chile/Peru/DRC; China smelts ~40%+ of world refined copper. |
| Electrical Steel (silicon/GO steel)China | China | Covered nation | Grain-oriented & non-oriented Si-steel for generator/transformer cores. Chinese mills. |
| Alloy Steel (18CrNiMo7-6 / 34CrNiMo6)China | China | Covered nation | Ni-Cr-Mo gear/shaft/bearing steel. Alloyed & rolled in China. |
| Structural Steel Plate (S355 / Q355)China | China | Covered nation | Low-alloy high-strength plate for towers. Bao Steel/Baogang. |
| Ductile Cast IronChina | China | Covered nation | Hub, bedplate, planet carrier castings. Chinese foundries. |
| Glass Fiber (E-/H-glass)China | China | Covered nation | ~75% of blade mass. China dominates glass-fiber roving (Jushi/CPIC). |
| Epoxy Resin SystemChina | China | Covered nation | Thermoset matrix binder. Global chemical majors + Chinese producers; mixed origin. |
| Balsa / PET CoreEcuador / Peru | Ecuador | Elevated sourcing risk | Balsa concentrated in Ecuador/Peru; PET foam substitute of mixed origin. Sandwich core. |
| Carbon Fiber (spar caps)China | China | Covered nation | PAN-based CF for load-bearing spar caps on long blades. Chinese CF capacity growing fast. |
| IGBT / SiC Power ModulesChina / US | China | Covered nation | Converter switches. Chinese (StarPower/BYD) + imported (Wolfspeed SiC, Infineon/Fuji IGBT). Mixed. |
| Separated Nd/Pr & Dy/Tb OxidesBaotou & Ganzhou, China | China | Covered nation | Separated rare-earth oxides; precursor to magnet alloy. China ~91% of separation (IEA). |
| Nd/Pr/Dy Rare-Earth MetalChina | China | Covered nation | Reduced RE metal & NdFeB strip-cast alloy feedstock. China-refined. |
| Refined Copper CathodeChina | China | Covered nation | Electrolytic cathode from smelted concentrate. China midstream smelting dominance. |
| Pig Iron / Crude Steel FeedstockChina | China | Covered nation | Blast-furnace pig iron from imported iron ore; feeds steel & iron casting. |
Mine and extraction (7)
| Input | Origin | Sourcing risk | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bayan Obo Rare-Earth MineBaotou, Inner Mongolia, China | China | Covered nation | World's largest REE deposit; >80% of China's reserves. Light REEs (Nd/Pr). |
| Ionic-Clay Heavy REE MinesJiangxi (Ganzhou), China / Myanmar | China | Covered nation | Source of heavy REEs Dy/Tb; S. China ionic clays + cross-border Myanmar feed. |
| Copper Ore MineChile / Peru / DRC | Chile | No known risk factor | Chile #1 producer (5.2Mt 2023), then Peru, DRC. Allied/diversified mining. |
| Iron Ore MineAustralia / Brazil | Australia | No known risk factor | Australia + Brazil ~82% of seaborne iron ore. Allied-mined ore. |
| Ni/Cr/Mo Alloying-Metal MinesIndonesia (Ni) / South Africa (Cr) / Chile (Mo) | Indonesia | Elevated sourcing risk | Nickel (Indonesia), chromium (S. Africa), molybdenum (Chile/China) for alloy steel. |
| Silica Sand / QuartzChina | China | Covered nation | Feedstock for glass fiber and silicon metal. Quarried in China. |
| Balsa Plantation / HarvestEcuador / Peru | Ecuador | No known risk factor | ~95% of world balsa from Ecuador; allied source (deforestation concern, not FEOC). |
Material flow (49 relationships)
- Guodian United Power Technology manufactures Permanent-Magnet / Doubly-Fed Generator (Generator)
- Guodian United Power Technology assembles Main Gearbox (planetary/helical) (Main gearbox)
- Guodian United Power Technology assembles Rotor Blades (Rotor blades)
- Guodian United Power Technology assembles Steel Tower (Tower)
- Guodian United Power Technology assembles Hub & Structural Castings (nacelle bedplate, hub, main shaft) (Hub & castings)
- Guodian United Power Technology assembles Power Converter & Control Electronics (Power converter)
- Guodian United Power Technology assembles Main / Pitch / Yaw Bearings (Bearings)
- Guodian United Power Technology assembles Power Cabling & Bus Bars (Cabling)
- Guodian United Power Technology assembles Step-up Transformer (Transformer)
- Permanent-Magnet / Doubly-Fed Generator supplies NdFeB Sintered Permanent Magnets (Permanent magnets)
- Permanent-Magnet / Doubly-Fed Generator supplies Copper (windings, cable, bus bar) (Generator windings)
- Permanent-Magnet / Doubly-Fed Generator supplies Electrical Steel (silicon/GO steel) (Stator/rotor laminations)
- Main Gearbox (planetary/helical) supplies Alloy Steel (18CrNiMo7-6 / 34CrNiMo6) (Gear alloy steel)
- Main Gearbox (planetary/helical) supplies Main / Pitch / Yaw Bearings (Gearbox bearings)
- Main / Pitch / Yaw Bearings supplies Alloy Steel (18CrNiMo7-6 / 34CrNiMo6) (Bearing steel)
- Rotor Blades supplies Glass Fiber (E-/H-glass) (Glass-fiber reinforcement)
- Rotor Blades supplies Epoxy Resin System (Epoxy matrix)
- Rotor Blades supplies Balsa / PET Core (Sandwich core)
- Rotor Blades supplies Carbon Fiber (spar caps) (Spar-cap carbon fiber)
- Steel Tower supplies Structural Steel Plate (S355 / Q355) (Steel plate)
- Hub & Structural Castings (nacelle bedplate, hub, main shaft) supplies Ductile Cast Iron (Cast iron)
- Hub & Structural Castings (nacelle bedplate, hub, main shaft) supplies Alloy Steel (18CrNiMo7-6 / 34CrNiMo6) (Forged main shaft)
- Power Converter & Control Electronics supplies IGBT / SiC Power Modules (Power semiconductor modules)
- Power Converter & Control Electronics supplies Copper (windings, cable, bus bar) (Bus bars / copper)
- Power Cabling & Bus Bars supplies Copper (windings, cable, bus bar) (Copper conductor)
- Step-up Transformer supplies Copper (windings, cable, bus bar) (Transformer windings)
- Step-up Transformer supplies Electrical Steel (silicon/GO steel) (Core laminations)
- NdFeB Sintered Permanent Magnets supplies Nd/Pr/Dy Rare-Earth Metal (NdFeB alloy metal)
- Nd/Pr/Dy Rare-Earth Metal refines Separated Nd/Pr & Dy/Tb Oxides (RE metal reduction)
- Separated Nd/Pr & Dy/Tb Oxides refines Baotou REE Separation & Magnet Complex (Light-REE separation)
- Separated Nd/Pr & Dy/Tb Oxides refines Ganzhou Heavy-REE Refinery (Heavy-REE (Dy/Tb) separation)
- Baotou REE Separation & Magnet Complex sources from Bayan Obo Rare-Earth Mine (Light-REE ore)
- Ganzhou Heavy-REE Refinery sources from Ionic-Clay Heavy REE Mines (Heavy-REE ionic clay)
- Copper (windings, cable, bus bar) supplies Refined Copper Cathode (Copper cathode)
- Refined Copper Cathode refines Copper Smelter & Refinery (Smelting/electrorefining)
- Copper Smelter & Refinery sources from Copper Ore Mine (Copper concentrate)
- Structural Steel Plate (S355 / Q355) refines Steel Mill (BF-BOF) (Plate rolling)
- Alloy Steel (18CrNiMo7-6 / 34CrNiMo6) refines Steel Mill (BF-BOF) (Alloy melt & rolling)
- Ductile Cast Iron supplies Pig Iron / Crude Steel Feedstock (Iron feedstock)
- Electrical Steel (silicon/GO steel) refines Steel Mill (BF-BOF) (Si-steel rolling)
- Pig Iron / Crude Steel Feedstock refines Steel Mill (BF-BOF) (Blast-furnace ironmaking)
- Steel Mill (BF-BOF) sources from Iron Ore Mine (Iron ore)
- Alloy Steel (18CrNiMo7-6 / 34CrNiMo6) supplies Ferroalloy Refiner (FeNi/FeCr/FeMo) (Ni/Cr/Mo ferroalloys)
- Ferroalloy Refiner (FeNi/FeCr/FeMo) sources from Ni/Cr/Mo Alloying-Metal Mines (Ni/Cr/Mo ore)
- Glass Fiber (E-/H-glass) sources from Silica Sand / Quartz (Silica sand)
- Balsa / PET Core sources from Balsa Plantation / Harvest (Balsa wood)
- Carbon Fiber (spar caps) refines PAN Precursor & Carbon-Fiber Line (PAN carbonization)
- IGBT / SiC Power Modules refines Silicon Metal & SiC Wafer Processing (Silicon / SiC wafer)
- Silicon Metal & SiC Wafer Processing sources from Silica Sand / Quartz (Quartz / silica)
Sources and methodology
Research-based supply-chain map compiled from public sources - not an audited bill of materials. Tiers reflect the standard industry structure for this product. Sourcing risk on a node describes where that input is typically mined or refined; it is not a FEOC determination for Guodian United Power Technology, and it is not a screening result for the node itself unless a federal listing is cited against it. Verify against primary documentation before making a compliance determination.
Primary sources (3) - government, filings, standards bodies
- irena.org irena.org/-/media/Irena/Files/Technical-papers/IRENA_Rare_Earth_Elements_2022.pdf
- energy.gov energy.gov/sites/default/files/2022-02/Neodymium%20Magnets%20Supply%20Chain%20Report%20-%20Final.pdf
- iea.org iea.org/commentaries/with-new-export-controls-on-critical-minerals-supply-concentration-risks-become-reality
Secondary sources (24) - trade press, analysts, reference works
- en.wind-turbine-models.com en.wind-turbine-models.com/manufacturers/164-united-power
- thewindpower.net thewindpower.net/manufacturer_en_55_guodian-united-power.php
- en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China_Guodian_Corporation
- corporate.energy corporate.energy/developers/GUODIAN_UNITED_POWER_TECHNOLOGY_CO_LTD
- ngctransmission.com ngctransmission.com/en/m-news-detail/500.html
- ngctransmission.com ngctransmission.com/en/m-wind-energy.html
- mcmagnets.com mcmagnets.com/blog/rare-earth-elements.html
- farmonaut.com farmonaut.com/mining/rare-earths-in-wind-turbine-generators-2025-challenges
- en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rare-earth_industry_in_China
- rareearthexchanges.com rareearthexchanges.com/news/chinas-two-rare-earth-bases-owning-the-future-and-implications-for-the-west/
- eureka.patsnap.com eureka.patsnap.com/article/what-materials-are-used-in-wind-turbine-blades-fiberglass-carbon-fiber-epoxy
- blog.ucs.org blog.ucs.org/charlie-hoffs/what-happens-to-wind-turbine-blades-at-the-end-of-their-life-cycle/
- fushunspecialsteel.com fushunspecialsteel.com/green-energy-industry-steel-solutions-wind-power-solar-hydropower/
- round-bars.com round-bars.com/introduction-to-special-steel-for-wind-power-equipment-forgings/
- en.zjtmb.com en.zjtmb.com/news_details/50.html
- nma.org nma.org/the-metal-behind-wind-power-2/
- stockhead.com.au stockhead.com.au/resources/a-single-wind-turbine-can-contain-up-to-350000-worth-of-copper-plus-zinc-plus-tungsten/
- mining.com mining.com/global-wind-turbine-fleet-to-consume-over-5-5mt-of-copper-by-2028-report/
- rareearthexchanges.com rareearthexchanges.com/news/baogang-steel-powers-northwest-chinas-green-energy-future-with-next-gen-wind-plates/
- steelwindtower.com steelwindtower.com/steel-wind-turbine-tower-material-reviews/
- deepresource.wordpress.com deepresource.wordpress.com/2017/05/16/iron-ore-mining-for-wind-turbines/
- wolfspeed.com wolfspeed.com/company/news-events/news/hopewind-selects-wolfspeed-to-power-the-future-of-wind-energy-with-advanced-silicon-carbide-technology/
- tycorun.com tycorun.com/blogs/news/top-10-inverter-igbt-companies-in-china
- mineralseducationcoalition.org mineralseducationcoalition.org/wp-content/uploads/mec_fact_sheet_wind_turbines_0.pdf
Common questions
- Where does Guodian United Power Technology source the inputs in this product?
- This map traces 39 inputs across 5 countries, including 14 mines and refiners. It is compiled from public sources and is not an audited bill of materials.
- How much of the Guodian United Power Technology supply chain sits in a covered nation?
- 34 of 39 mapped inputs are sited in a covered nation (China, Russia, Iran or North Korea) or named on a federal restricted-party list. A further 2 carry elevated sourcing risk without either basis.
- Is Guodian United Power Technology itself a Foreign Entity of Concern?
- Yes. Guodian United Power Technology is organized in China, a covered nation under the FEOC rules, which makes it a foreign entity of concern for IRA clean-energy tax credit purposes. It is not named on any of the 3 federal restricted-party lists screened for this record (DOD Section 1260H, BIS Entity List, OFAC SDN List). Sourcing risk in this map describes where inputs are mined and refined and is a separate question from the company's own federal screening.